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Chimpanzees behave prosocially in a group-specific manner

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vanLeeuwen_2021_SA_Chimpanzees_CC.pdf (578.4Kb)
Date
24/02/2021
Author
van Leeuwen, Edwin J. C.
DeTroy, Sarah E.
Kaufhold, Stephan P.
Dubois, Clara
Schütte, Sebastian
Call, Josep
Haun, Daniel B. M.
Funder
European Research Council
Grant ID
609819
Keywords
QL Zoology
RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
DAS
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Abstract
Chimpanzees act cooperatively in the wild, but whether they afford benefits to others, and whether their tendency to act prosocially varies across communities, is unclear. Here, we show that chimpanzees from neighboring communities provide valuable resources to group members at personal cost, and that the magnitude of their prosocial behavior is group specific. Provided with a resource-donation experiment allowing free (partner) choice, we observed an increase in prosocial acts across the study period in most of the chimpanzees. When group members could profit (test condition), chimpanzees provided resources more frequently and for longer durations than when their acts produced inaccessible resources (control condition). Strikingly, chimpanzees’ prosocial behavior was group specific, with more socially tolerant groups acting more prosocially. We conclude that chimpanzees may purposely behave prosocially toward group members, and that the notion of group-specific sociality in nonhuman animals should crucially inform discussions on the evolution of prosocial behavior.
Citation
van Leeuwen , E J C , DeTroy , S E , Kaufhold , S P , Dubois , C , Schütte , S , Call , J & Haun , D B M 2021 , ' Chimpanzees behave prosocially in a group-specific manner ' , Science Advances , vol. 7 , no. 9 , eabc7982 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc7982
Publication
Science Advances
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc7982
ISSN
2375-2548
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.
Description
Funding: EJCvL was funded by a Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) and an ERC-Synergy Grant (no. 609819) awarded to JC.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/21505

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