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A multiscale model of virus pandemic : heterogeneous interactive entities in a globally connected world

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Date
19/08/2020
Author
Bellomo, Nicola
Bingham, Richard
Chaplain, Mark A. J.
Dosi, Giovanni
Forni, Guido
Knopoff, Damian A.
Lowengrub, John
Twarock, Reidun
Virgillito, Maria Enrica
Keywords
COVID-19
Living systems
Immune competition
Complexity
Multiscale problems
Spatial patterns
Networks
Intracellular infection dynamics
Viral quasispecies
Virus structure modelling
SARS-CoV-2
QA Mathematics
QH301 Biology
QR355 Virology
T-NDAS
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Abstract
This paper is devoted to the multidisciplinary modelling of a pandemic initiated by an aggressive virus, specifically the so-called SARS–CoV–2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, corona virus n.2. The study is developed within a multiscale framework accounting for the interaction of different spatial scales, from the small scale of the virus itself and cells, to the large scale of individuals and further up to the collective behaviour of populations. An interdisciplinary vision is developed thanks to the contributions of epidemiologists, immunologists and economists as well as those of mathematical modellers. The first part of the contents is devoted to understanding the complex features of the system and to the design of a modelling rationale. The modelling approach is treated in the second part of the paper by showing both how the virus propagates into infected individuals, successfully and not successfully recovered, and also the spatial patterns, which are subsequently studied by kinetic and lattice models. The third part reports the contribution of research in the fields of virology, epidemiology, immune competition, and economy focussed also on social behaviours. Finally, a critical analysis is proposed looking ahead to research perspectives.
Citation
Bellomo , N , Bingham , R , Chaplain , M A J , Dosi , G , Forni , G , Knopoff , D A , Lowengrub , J , Twarock , R & Virgillito , M E 2020 , ' A multiscale model of virus pandemic : heterogeneous interactive entities in a globally connected world ' , Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences , vol. 30 , no. 08 , pp. 1591-1651 . https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218202520500323
Publication
Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218202520500323
ISSN
0218-2025
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © The Author(s). This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Description
Funding: Mark Chaplain acknowledges the assistance of the Rapid Assistance in Modelling the Pandemic Project coordinated by the Royal Society.
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/20974

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