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dc.contributor.authorMicheletti, Alberto J. C.
dc.contributor.authorRuxton, Graeme D.
dc.contributor.authorGardner, Andy
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-26T12:30:16Z
dc.date.available2020-02-26T12:30:16Z
dc.date.issued2020-02-20
dc.identifier.citationMicheletti , A J C , Ruxton , G D & Gardner , A 2020 , ' The demography of human warfare can drive sex differences in altruism ' , Evolutionary Human Sciences , vol. 2 , e7 . https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2020.5en
dc.identifier.issn2513-843X
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 265639291
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: f94362c4-9693-4ebe-bba3-fba6d0d51ff8
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0001-8943-6609/work/69834950
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 85096189337
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000769818100007
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/19536
dc.descriptionFunding from a Ph.D. studentship from the School of Biology, University of St Andrews (A.J.C.M.), a Natural Environment Research Council Independent Research Fellowship (A.G., grant number NE/K009524/1), a European Research Council Consolidator Grant (A.G., A.J.C.M., grant number 771387), the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (under the Investissement d’Avenir programme, ANR 17-EURE-0010) (A.J.C.M.) is gratefully acknowledged.en
dc.description.abstractRecent years have seen great interest in the suggestion that between-group aggression and within-group altruism have coevolved. However, these efforts have neglected the possibility that warfare – via its impact on demography – might influence human social behaviours more widely, not just those directly connected to success in war. Moreover, the potential for sex differences in the demography of warfare to translate into sex differences in social behaviour more generally has remained unexplored. Here, we develop a kin-selection model of altruism performed by men and women for the benefit of their groupmates in a population experiencing intergroup conflict. We find that warfare can promote altruistic, helping behaviours as the additional reproductive opportunities winners obtain in defeated groups decrease harmful competition between kin. Furthermore, we find that sex can be a crucial modulator of altruism, with there being a tendency for the sex that competes more intensely with relatives to behave more altruistically and for the sex that competes more intensely with non-relatives in defeated groups to receive more altruism. In addition, there is also a tendency for the less-dispersing sex to both give and receive more altruism. We discuss implications for our understanding of observed sex differences in cooperation in human societies.
dc.format.extent15
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofEvolutionary Human Sciencesen
dc.rightsCopyright © Cambridge University Press 2020. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.en
dc.subjectWarfareen
dc.subjectAltruismen
dc.subjectSex differencesen
dc.subjectDemographyen
dc.subjectDispersalen
dc.subjectKin competitionen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectT-NDASen
dc.subjectSDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutionsen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleThe demography of human warfare can drive sex differences in altruismen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorNERCen
dc.contributor.sponsorEuropean Research Councilen
dc.description.versionPublisher PDFen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Biological Diversityen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2020.5
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.date.embargoedUntil2020-02-20
dc.identifier.grantnumberNE/K009524/1en
dc.identifier.grantnumber771387en


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