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dc.contributor.authorBarkley, Yvonne
dc.contributor.authorOleson, Erin M.
dc.contributor.authorOswald, Julie N.
dc.contributor.authorFranklin, Erik C.
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-25T14:30:08Z
dc.date.available2019-10-25T14:30:08Z
dc.date.issued2019-10-18
dc.identifier262322303
dc.identifierba229a0c-deba-4663-8890-e0d20c4a021e
dc.identifier000491076700001
dc.identifier85086787895
dc.identifier.citationBarkley , Y , Oleson , E M , Oswald , J N & Franklin , E C 2019 , ' Whistle classification ofsympatric false killer whale populations in Hawaiian waters yields low accuracy rates ' , Frontiers in Marine Science , vol. 6 , 645 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00645en
dc.identifier.issn2296-7745
dc.identifier.otherRIS: urn:F6516EA7EBFD7F0D90DF183B8B8A3BB2
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-1524-9592/work/63716891
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/18775
dc.descriptionFunding for passive acoustic data collection during the shipboard cetacean line-transect surveys was provided by PIFSC, SWFSC, NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Regional Office, and NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources (OPR) for HICEAS 2010, PIFSC for PICEAS, PACES and HITEC, and PIFSC, OPR, NOAA Fisheries Office of Science and Technology, Chief of Naval Operation Environmental Readiness Division and Pacific Fleet, and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management for HICEAS 2017. Funding for passive acoustic data analysis was provided by PIFSC and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships Program.en
dc.description.abstractCetaceans are ecologically important marine predators, and designating individuals to distinct populations can be challenging. Passive acoustic monitoring provides an approach to classify cetaceans to populations using their vocalizations. In the Hawaiian Archipelago, three genetically distinct, sympatric false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) populations coexist: a broadly distributed pelagic population and two island-associated populations, an endangered main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) population and a Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) population. The mechanisms that sustain the genetic separation between these overlapping populations are unknown but previous studies suggest that the acoustic diversity between populations may correspond to genetic differences. Here, we investigated whether false killer whale whistles could be correctly classified to population based on their characteristics to serve as a method of identifying populations when genetic or photographic-identification data are unavailable. Acoustic data were collected during line-transect surveys using towed hydrophone arrays. We measured 50 time and frequency parameters from whistles in 16 false killer whale encounters identified to population and used those measures to train and test random forest classification models. Random forest models that included three populations correctly classified 42% of individual whistles overall and resulted in a low kappa coefficient, κ = 0.15, indicating low agreement between models, and the true population. Whistles from the MHI population showed the highest correct classification rate (52%) compared to pelagic and NWHI whistles (42 and 36%, respectively). Pairwise random forest models classifying pelagic and MHI whistles proved slightly more accurate (62% accuracy, κ = 0.24), though a similar pelagic-NWHI model did not (56% accuracy, κ = 0.12). Results suggest that the time-frequency whistle characteristics are not suitable to confidently classify encounters to a specific false killer whale population, although certain features of whistles produced by the endangered MHI population allow for overall higher classification accuracy. Inclusion of other vocalization types, such as echolocation clicks, and alternative whistle variables may improve correct classification success for these sympatric populations.
dc.format.extent15
dc.format.extent2109619
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Marine Scienceen
dc.subjectCetaceansen
dc.subjectFalse killer whaleen
dc.subjectPassive acoustic monitoringen
dc.subjectPopulation classificationen
dc.subjectHawaiian archipelagoen
dc.subjectMachine Learningen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectNDASen
dc.subjectSDG 14 - Life Below Wateren
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleWhistle classification ofsympatric false killer whale populations in Hawaiian waters yields low accuracy ratesen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Instituteen
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fmars.2019.00645
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden


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