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dc.contributor.authorKeum, Chang-Min
dc.contributor.authorKronenberg, Nils Michael
dc.contributor.authorMurawski, Caroline
dc.contributor.authorYoshida, Kou
dc.contributor.authorDeng, Yali
dc.contributor.authorBerz, Cordelia
dc.contributor.authorLi, Wenbo
dc.contributor.authorWei, Mengjie
dc.contributor.authorSamuel, Ifor D. W.
dc.contributor.authorGather, Malte C.
dc.date.accessioned2019-06-24T23:41:44Z
dc.date.available2019-06-24T23:41:44Z
dc.date.issued2018-06-25
dc.identifier.citationKeum , C-M , Kronenberg , N M , Murawski , C , Yoshida , K , Deng , Y , Berz , C , Li , W , Wei , M , Samuel , I D W & Gather , M C 2018 , ' The role of metallic dopants in improving the thermal stability of the electron transport layer in organic light-emitting diodes ' , Advanced Optical Materials , vol. Early View , 1800496 . https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201800496en
dc.identifier.issn2195-1071
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 253379053
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 9b269be8-6da2-498c-ae10-d3852fa2e579
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 85052730282
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-4857-5562/work/47136448
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-9995-6525/work/47929005
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000443548600021
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/17956
dc.descriptionThis research was financially supported by the EPSRC NSF - CBET lead agency agreement (EP/R010595/1, 1706207), the DARPA-NESD program (N66001-17-C-4012) and by the EPSRC CDT Capital Equipment funding stream (EP/L017008/1). C.- M.K. acknowledges support from Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2017R1A6A3A03012331). C.M. acknowledges funding by the European Commission through a Marie Skłodowska Curie Individual Fellowship (703387). Y.D., W.L., and M.W. acknowledge stipends from the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC). I.D.W.S. acknowledges support from a Royal Society Wolfson research merit award.en
dc.description.abstract4,7‐Diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (BPhen) is widely used to create the electron transport layer (ETL) in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) because of its high electron mobility and good compatibility with alkali metal n‐dopants. However, the morphology of these ETLs is easily altered by heating due to the relatively low glass transition temperature (Tg) of BPhen and this change often reduces the performance of OLEDs. Here, an enhancement in the thermal stability of OLEDs when doping their BPhen‐based ETLs with cesium (Cs) is reported. To investigate the role of the Cs dopant in the BPhen matrix, the crystallization features of Cs‐doped BPhen films with different doping concentrations are examined. Next, the electrical and optical properties of blue fluorescent and red phosphorescent OLEDs containing Cs‐doped BPhen ETLs are characterized after annealing the OLEDs at temperatures up to 100 °C. Cs plays a critical role in inhibiting the undesired crystallization of BPhen films, which enhances the thermal stability of OLEDs beyond the Tg of neat BPhen. Finally, highly stable BPhen‐based OLEDs encapsulated via atomic layer deposition at 80 °C are demonstrated. This work may lead to a new strategy for enhancing the intrinsic thermal durability of organic devices and their compatibility with thermally demanding processes.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofAdvanced Optical Materialsen
dc.rights© 2018 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. This work has been made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201800496en
dc.subjectOrganic light-emitting deviceen
dc.subjectThermal stabilityen
dc.subjectMolecular dopingen
dc.subjectCrystallizationen
dc.subjectAtomic layer depositionen
dc.subjectQC Physicsen
dc.subjectTK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineeringen
dc.subjectNDASen
dc.subject.lccQCen
dc.subject.lccTKen
dc.titleThe role of metallic dopants in improving the thermal stability of the electron transport layer in organic light-emitting diodesen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorEPSRCen
dc.contributor.sponsorEuropean Commissionen
dc.contributor.sponsorThe Royal Societyen
dc.description.versionPostprinten
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Organic Semiconductor Centreen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Condensed Matter Physicsen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Biomedical Sciences Research Complexen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201800496
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.date.embargoedUntil2019-06-25
dc.identifier.grantnumberep/l017008/1en
dc.identifier.grantnumber703387en
dc.identifier.grantnumberen


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