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Spitzer microlensing parallax for OGLE-2017-BLG-0896 reveals a counter-rotating low-mass brown dwarf

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Shvartzvald_2019_AJ_157_106.pdf (984.2Kb)
Date
11/02/2019
Author
Shvartzvald, Yossi
Yee, Jennifer C.
Skowron, Jan
Lee, Chung-Uk
Udalski, Andrzej
Calchi Novati, Sebastiano
Bozza, Valerio
Beichman, Charles A.
Bryden, Geoffery
Carey, Sean
Gaudi, B. Scott
Henderson, Calen B.
Zhu, Wei
Bachelet, Etienne
Bolt, Greg
Christie, Grant
Maoz, Dan
Natusch, Tim
Pogge, Richard W.
Street, Rachel A.
Tan, Thiam-Guan
Tsapras, Yiannis
Pietrukowicz, Paweł
Soszyński, Igor
Szymański, Michał K.
Mróz, Przemek
Poleski, Radoslaw
Kozłowski, Szymon
Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
Pawlak, Michał
Rybicki, Krzysztof A.
Iwanek, Patryk
Albrow, Michael D.
Cha, Sang-Mok
Chung, Sun-Ju
Gould, Andrew
Han, Cheongho
Hwang, Kyu-Ha
Jung, Youn Kil
Kim, Dong-Jin
Kim, Hyoun-Woo
Kim, Seung-Lee
Lee, Dong-Joo
Lee, Yongseok
Park, Byeong-Gon
Ryu, Yoon-Hyun
Shin, In-Gu
Zang, Weicheng
Dominik, Martin
Helling, Christiane
Hundertmark, Markus
Jørgensen, Uffe G.
Longa-Peña, Penelope
Lowry, Stephen
Sajadian, Sedighe
Burgdorf, Martin J.
Campbell-White, Justyn
Ciceri, Simona
Evans, Daniel F.
Fujii, Yuri I.
Hinse, Tobias C.
Rahvar, Sohrab
Rabus, Markus
Skottfelt, Jesper
Snodgrass, Colin
Southworth, John
Keywords
Galaxy: bulge
Gravitational lensing: micro
QB Astronomy
QC Physics
3rd-DAS
BDC
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Abstract
The kinematics of isolated brown dwarfs in the Galaxy, beyond the solar neighborhood, is virtually unknown. Microlensing has the potential to probe this hidden population, as it can measure both the mass and five of the six phase-space coordinates (all except the radial velocity) even of a dark isolated lens. However, the measurements of both the microlens-parallax and finite-source effects are needed in order to recover the full information. Here, we combine the Spitzer satellite parallax measurement with the ground-based light curve, which exhibits strong finite-source effects, of event OGLE-2017-BLG-0896. We find two degenerate solutions for the lens (due to the known satellite-parallax degeneracy), which are consistent with each other except for their proper motion. The lens is an isolated brown dwarf with a mass of either 18 ± 1 M J or 20 ± 1 M J . This is the lowest isolated-object mass measurement to date, only ~45% more massive than the theoretical deuterium-fusion boundary at solar metallicity, which is the common definition of a free-floating planet. The brown dwarf is located at either 3.9 ± 0.1 kpc or 4.1 ± 0.1 kpc toward the Galactic bulge, but with proper motion in the opposite direction of disk stars, with one solution suggesting it is moving within the Galactic plane. While it is possibly a halo brown dwarf, it might also represent a different, unknown population.
Citation
Shvartzvald , Y , Yee , J C , Skowron , J , Lee , C-U , Udalski , A , Calchi Novati , S , Bozza , V , Beichman , C A , Bryden , G , Carey , S , Gaudi , B S , Henderson , C B , Zhu , W , Bachelet , E , Bolt , G , Christie , G , Maoz , D , Natusch , T , Pogge , R W , Street , R A , Tan , T-G , Tsapras , Y , Pietrukowicz , P , Soszyński , I , Szymański , M K , Mróz , P , Poleski , R , Kozłowski , S , Ulaczyk , K , Pawlak , M , Rybicki , K A , Iwanek , P , Albrow , M D , Cha , S-M , Chung , S-J , Gould , A , Han , C , Hwang , K-H , Jung , Y K , Kim , D-J , Kim , H-W , Kim , S-L , Lee , D-J , Lee , Y , Park , B-G , Ryu , Y-H , Shin , I-G , Zang , W , Dominik , M , Helling , C , Hundertmark , M , Jørgensen , U G , Longa-Peña , P , Lowry , S , Sajadian , S , Burgdorf , M J , Campbell-White , J , Ciceri , S , Evans , D F , Fujii , Y I , Hinse , T C , Rahvar , S , Rabus , M , Skottfelt , J , Snodgrass , C & Southworth , J 2019 , ' Spitzer microlensing parallax for OGLE-2017-BLG-0896 reveals a counter-rotating low-mass brown dwarf ' , Astronomical Journal , vol. 157 , no. 3 , 106 , pp. 1-8 . https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aafe12
Publication
Astronomical Journal
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aafe12
ISSN
0004-6256
Type
Journal article
Rights
© 2019, American Astronomical Society. This work has been made available online in accordance with the publisher's policies. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aafe12
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URL
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018arXiv180508778S
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/17099

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