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dc.contributor.authorMikkelsen, Lonnie
dc.contributor.authorJohnson, Mark
dc.contributor.authorWisniewska, Danuta Maria
dc.contributor.authorvan Neer, Abbo
dc.contributor.authorSiebert, Ursula
dc.contributor.authorMadsen, Peter Teglberg
dc.contributor.authorTeilmann, Jonas
dc.date.accessioned2019-02-08T11:30:05Z
dc.date.available2019-02-08T11:30:05Z
dc.date.issued2019-02-06
dc.identifier257677239
dc.identifier02aed059-773a-42a8-a6ca-decb47fd2842
dc.identifier85062589309
dc.identifier000460668800019
dc.identifier.citationMikkelsen , L , Johnson , M , Wisniewska , D M , van Neer , A , Siebert , U , Madsen , P T & Teilmann , J 2019 , ' Long-term sound and movement recording tags to study natural behavior and reaction to ship noise of seals ' , Ecology and Evolution , vol. Early View . https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4923en
dc.identifier.issn2045-7758
dc.identifier.otherRIS: urn:D4292356725E2DEA724A7FF77E365F7E
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/17020
dc.descriptionThis study was funded by the German Federal Agency of Nature Conservation under the project “Effects of underwater noise on marine vertebrates” (Cluster 7, Z1.2‐53302/2010/14) and “Under Water Noise Effects – UWE” (Project numbers FKZ 3515822000). MJ was supported for development of the tags by a Marie Sklodowska‐Curie career integration grant and by the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology Scotland. PTM and DMW were partly supported by a large frame grant from the Danish National Research Council. DMW was also supported by an Office of Naval Research grant to Jeremy Goldbogen at Stanford University.en
dc.description.abstract1.  The impact of anthropogenic noise on marine fauna is of increasing conservation concern with vessel noise being one of the major contributors. Animals that rely on shallow coastal habitats may be especially vulnerable to this form of pollution. 2.  Very limited information is available on how much noise from ship traffic individual animals experience, and how they may react to it due to a lack of suitable methods. To address this, we developed long-duration audio and 3D-movement tags (DTAGs) and deployed them on three harbor seals and two gray seals in the North Sea during 2015-2016. 3. These tags recorded sound, accelerometry, magnetometry, and pressure continuously for up to 21 days. GPS positions were also sampled for one seal continuously throughout the recording period. A separate tag, combining a camera and an accelerometer logger, was deployed on two harbor seals to visualize specific behaviors that helped interpret accelerometer signals in the DTAG data. 4.  Combining data from depth, accelerometer, and audio sensors, we found that animals spent 6.6%-42.3% of the time hauled out (either on land or partly submerged), and 5.3%-12.4% of their at-sea time resting at the sea bottom, while the remaining time was used for traveling, resting at surface, and foraging. Animals were exposed to audible vessel noise 2.2%-20.5% of their time when in water, and we demonstrate that interruption of functional behaviors (e.g., resting) in some cases coincides with high-level vessel noise. Two-thirds of the ship noise events were traceable by the AIS vessel tracking system, while one-third comprised vessels without AIS. 5.  This preliminary study demonstrates how concomitant long-term continuous broadband on-animal sound and movement recordings may be an important tool in future quantification of disturbance effects of anthropogenic activities at sea and assessment of long-term population impacts on pinnipeds.
dc.format.extent14
dc.format.extent5800589
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofEcology and Evolutionen
dc.subjectAnthropogenic noiseen
dc.subjectBehavioral responseen
dc.subjectBiologgingen
dc.subjectDTAGen
dc.subjectExposure ratesen
dc.subjectGray sealen
dc.subjectHarbor sealen
dc.subjectLong-duration acoustic dataloggersen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectDASen
dc.subjectSDG 14 - Life Below Wateren
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleLong-term sound and movement recording tags to study natural behavior and reaction to ship noise of sealsen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorEuropean Commissionen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Bioacoustics groupen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Sound Tags Groupen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Uniten
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotlanden
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4923
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.identifier.grantnumberPCIG10-GA-2011-304132en


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