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dc.contributor.authorGonzalez Forero, Mauricio
dc.contributor.authorGardner, Andy
dc.date.accessioned2018-11-23T00:49:54Z
dc.date.available2018-11-23T00:49:54Z
dc.date.issued2018-05-23
dc.identifier252613724
dc.identifierd4aa640f-8517-4e11-bff3-746d36ec420e
dc.identifier85047452778
dc.identifier000432794900046
dc.identifier.citationGonzalez Forero , M & Gardner , A 2018 , ' Inference of ecological and social drivers of human brain-size evolution ' , Nature , vol. 557 , no. 7706 , pp. 554-557 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0127-xen
dc.identifier.issn0028-0836
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0003-1015-3089/work/60427702
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/16534
dc.descriptionMGF was funded by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (No 701464) and AG was funded by a NERC Independent Research Fellowship (NE/K009524/1).en
dc.description.abstractThe human brain is unusually large. It has tripled in size from Australopithecines to modern humans1 and has become almost six times larger than expected for a placental mammal of human size2. Brains incur high metabolic costs3 and accordingly a long-standing question is why the large human brain has evolved4. The leading hypotheses propose benefits of improved cognition for overcoming ecological5,6,7, social8,9,10 or cultural11,12,13,14 challenges. However, these hypotheses are typically assessed using correlative analyses, and establishing causes for brain-size evolution remains difficult15,16. Here we introduce a metabolic approach that enables causal assessment of social hypotheses for brain-size evolution. Our approach yields quantitative predictions for brain and body size from formalized social hypotheses given empirical estimates of the metabolic costs of the brain. Our model predicts the evolution of adult Homo sapiens-sized brains and bodies when individuals face a combination of 60% ecological, 30% cooperative and 10% between-group competitive challenges, and suggests that between-individual competition has been unimportant for driving human brain-size evolution. Moreover, our model indicates that brain expansion in Homo was driven by ecological rather than social challenges, and was perhaps strongly promoted by culture. Our metabolic approach thus enables causal assessments that refine, refute and unify hypotheses of brain-size evolution.
dc.format.extent4721552
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofNatureen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectQP Physiologyen
dc.subjectRC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatryen
dc.subjectDASen
dc.subjectBDCen
dc.subjectR2Cen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.subject.lccQPen
dc.subject.lccRC0321en
dc.titleInference of ecological and social drivers of human brain-size evolutionen
dc.typeJournal itemen
dc.contributor.sponsorEuropean Commissionen
dc.contributor.sponsorNERCen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Biological Diversityen
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41586-018-0127-x
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.date.embargoedUntil2018-11-23
dc.identifier.urlhttps://rdcu.be/O1Vcen
dc.identifier.grantnumber701464en
dc.identifier.grantnumberNE/K009524/1en


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