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Inequalities in LPG and electricity consumption in India : The role of caste, tribe, and religion

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Date
02/2018
Author
Saxena, Vibhor
Bhattacharya, PC
Keywords
Cooking fuel
Electricity
Inequality
Discrimination
HD Industries. Land use. Labor
HC Economic History and Conditions
NDAS
SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy
SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities
SDG 15 - Life on Land
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Abstract
This paper examines the role of caste, tribe, and religion in determining energy inequality in India. We provide evidence by using the National Sample Survey Organisation data from the 68th round (2011–12) of 87,753 households. We estimate the inequalities in access to Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) and electricity usage by the households belonging to the three major disadvantaged groups in India, viz., the scheduled castes, the scheduled tribes, and the Muslims. The results of our empirical analysis suggest that, after controlling for the determinants which impinge on the households’ microeconomic demand and regional supply characteristics, the households belonging to the scheduled tribe and scheduled caste communities do have significantly poorer access to LPG and electricity usage as compared to the upper caste households. The decomposition analysis of average differences in the predicted outcomes shows that it is the scheduled caste and scheduled tribe households who would appear to face most discrimination. The Muslim households too face significant inequality in accessing LPG. Policy implications of the findings are considered.
Citation
Saxena , V & Bhattacharya , PC 2018 , ' Inequalities in LPG and electricity consumption in India : The role of caste, tribe, and religion ' , Energy for Sustainable Development , vol. 42 , no. C , pp. 44-53 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2017.09.009
Publication
Energy for Sustainable Development
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2017.09.009
ISSN
0973-0826
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2017, International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Inc. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2017.09.009
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16404

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