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Shared transcriptional control and disparate gain and loss of aphid parasitism genes

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Date
01/10/2018
Author
Thorpe, Peter
Escudero-Martinez, Carmen M
Cock, Peter J A
Eves-van den Akker, Sebastian
Bos, Jorunn I B
Keywords
Aphids
Effectors
Genome evolution
Shared transcriptional control
Horizontal gene transfer
QH301 Biology
QH426 Genetics
DAS
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Abstract
Aphids are a diverse group of taxa that contain agronomically important species, which vary in their host range and ability to infest crop plants. The genome evolution underlying agriculturally important aphid traits is not well understood. We generated draft genome assemblies for two aphid species: Myzus cerasi (black cherry aphid), and the cereal specialist Rhopalosiphum padi. Using a de novo gene prediction pipeline on both these, and three additional aphid genome assemblies (Acyrthosiphon pisum, D. noxia and M. persicae), we show that aphid genomes consistently encode similar gene numbers. We compare gene content, gene duplication, synteny, and putative effector repertoires between these five species to understand the genome evolution of globally important plant parasites. Aphid genomes show signs of relatively distant gene duplication, and substantial, relatively recent, gene birth. Putative effector repertoires, originating from duplicated and other loci have an unusual genomic organisation and evolutionary history. We identify a highly conserved effector-pair that is tightly physically-linked in the genomes of all aphid species tested. In R. padi, this effector pair is tightly transcriptionally-linked, and shares an unknown transcriptional control mechanism with a subset of approximately 50 other putative effectors and secretory proteins. This study extends our current knowledge on the evolution of aphid genomes and reveals evidence for an as of yet unknown shared control mechanism, which underlies effector expression, and ultimately plant parasitism.
Citation
Thorpe , P , Escudero-Martinez , C M , Cock , P J A , Eves-van den Akker , S & Bos , J I B 2018 , ' Shared transcriptional control and disparate gain and loss of aphid parasitism genes ' , Genome Biology and Evolution , vol. 10 , no. 10 , pp. 2716-2733 . https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy183
Publication
Genome Biology and Evolution
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy183
ISSN
1759-6653
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
Description
This work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/M014207/1 to SEvdA), European Research Council (310190- APHIDHOST to JIBB), and Royal Society of Edinburgh (fellowship to JIBB).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16288

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