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Modelling mid-infrared molecular emission lines from T Tauri stars

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1807.05784v1.pdf (4.183Mb)
Date
11/10/2018
Author
Woitke, P.
Min, M.
Thi, W. -F.
Roberts, C.
Carmona, A.
Kamp, I.
Ménard, F.
Pinte, C.
Keywords
Stars: formation
Stars: circumstellar matter
Radiative transfer
Astrochemistry
Line: formation
Methods: numerical
QB Astronomy
QC Physics
NDAS
Metadata
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Abstract
We introduce a new modelling framework including the Fast Line Tracer (FLITS) to simulate infrared line emission spectra from protoplanetary discs. This paper focusses on the mid-IR spectral region between 9.7 and 40 μm for T Tauri stars. The generated spectra contain several tens of thousands of molecular emission lines of H2O, OH, CO, CO2, HCN, C2H2, H2, and a few other molecules, as well as the forbidden atomic emission lines of S I, S II, S III, Si II, Fe II, Ne II, Ne III, Ar II, and Ar III. In contrast to previously published works, we do not treat the abundances of the molecules nor the temperature in the disc as free parameters, but use the complex results of detailed 2D PRODIMO disc models concerning gas and dust temperature structure, and molecular concentrations. FLITS computes the line emission spectra by ray tracing in an efficient, fast, and reliable way. The results are broadly consistent with R = 600 Spitzer/IRS observational data of T Tauri stars concerning line strengths, colour, and line ratios. In order to achieve that agreement, however, we need to assume either a high gas/dust mass ratio of order 1000, or the presence of illuminated disc walls at distances of a few au, for example, due to disc–planet interactions. These walls are irradiated and heated by the star which causes the molecules to emit strongly in the mid-IR. The molecules in the walls cannot be photodissociated easily by UV because of the large densities in the walls favouring their re-formation. Most observable molecular emission lines are found to be optically thick. An abundance analysis is hence not straightforward, and the results of simple slab models concerning molecular column densities can be misleading. We find that the difference between gas and dust temperatures in the disc surface is important for the line formation. The mid-IR emission features of different molecules probe the gas temperature at different depths in the disc, along the following sequence: OH (highest)–CO–H2O and CO2–HCN–C2H2 (deepest), just where these molecules start to become abundant. We briefly discuss the effects of C/O ratio and choice of chemical rate network on these results. Our analysis offers new ways to infer the chemical and temperature structure of T Tauri discs from future James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/MIRI observations, and to possibly detect secondary illuminated disc walls based on their specific mid-IR molecular signature.
Citation
Woitke , P , Min , M , Thi , W -F , Roberts , C , Carmona , A , Kamp , I , Ménard , F & Pinte , C 2018 , ' Modelling mid-infrared molecular emission lines from T Tauri stars ' , Astronomy & Astrophysics , vol. 618 , A57 . https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731460
Publication
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731460
ISSN
0004-6361
Type
Journal article
Rights
© 2018, ESO. This work has been made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created accepted version manuscript following peer review and as such may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731460
Description
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7-2011 under grant agreement no 284405. The computer simulations were carried out on the UK MHD Consortium parallel computer at the University of St Andrews, funded jointly by STFC and SRIF.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15611

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