The catalytic mechanism of the marine-derived macrocyclase PatGmac
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Date
01/09/2016Author
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Grant ID
BB/K015508/1
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Cyclic peptides are a class of compounds with high therapeutic potential, possessing bioactivities including antitumor and antiviral (including anti-HIV). Despite their desirability, efficient design and production of these compounds has not been achieved to date. The catalytic mechanism of patellamide macrocyclization by the PatG macrocyclase domain has been computationally investigated by using quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics methodology, specifically ONIOM(M06/6-311++G(2d,2p):ff94//B3LYP/6-31G(d):ff94). The mechanism proposed herein begins with a proton transfer from Ser783 to His 618 and from the latter to Asp548. Nucleophilic attack of Ser783 on the substrate leads to the formation of an acyl–enzyme covalent complex. The leaving group Ala-Tyr-Asp-Gly (AYDG) of the substrate is protonated by the substrate's N terminus, leading to the breakage of the P1−P1′ bond. Finally, the substrate's N terminus attacks the P1 residue, decomposing the acyl–enzyme complex forming the macrocycle. The formation and decomposition of the acyl–enzyme complex have the highest activation free energies (21.1 kcal mol−1 and 19.8 kcal mol−1 respectively), typical of serine proteases. Understanding the mechanism behind the macrocyclization of patellamides will be important to the application of the enzymes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries.
Citation
Brás , N F , Ferreira , P , Calixto , A R , Jaspars , M , Houssen , W , Naismith , J , Fernandes , P A & Ramos , M J 2016 , ' The catalytic mechanism of the marine-derived macrocyclase PatGmac ' , Chemistry - A European Journal , vol. 22 , no. 37 , pp. 13089–13097 . https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201601670
Publication
Chemistry - A European Journal
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
1521-3765Type
Journal article
Description
This work received financial support from the European Union (FEDER funds through COMPETE) and National Funds (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, FCT) through Projects EXCL/QEQ-COM/0394/2012, EXCL-II/QEQ-COM/0394/2012, and Pest-C/EQB/LA0006/2013. N.F.B. would like to thank the FCT for her IF starting grant (IF/01355/2014).Collections
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