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Planktonic foraminifera-derived environmental DNA extracted from abyssal sediments preserves patterns of plankton macroecology

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Date
06/06/2017
Author
Morard, Raphaël
Lejzerowicz, Franck
Darling, Kate F.
Lecroq-Bennet, Béatrice
Winther Pedersen, Mikkel
Orlando, Ludovic
Pawlowski, Jan
Mulitza, Stefan
de Vargas, Colomban
Kucera, Michal
Keywords
GE Environmental Sciences
QH426 Genetics
DAS
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Abstract
Deep-sea sediments constitute a unique archive of ocean change, fueled by a permanent rain of mineral and organic remains from the surface ocean. Until now, paleo-ecological analyses of this archive have been mostly based on information from taxa leaving fossils. In theory, environmental DNA (eDNA) in the sediment has the potential to provide information on non-fossilized taxa, allowing more comprehensive interpretations of the fossil record. Yet, the process controlling the transport and deposition of eDNA onto the sediment and the extent to which it preserves the features of past oceanic biota remains unknown. Planktonic foraminifera are the ideal taxa to allow an assessment of the eDNA signal modification during deposition because their fossils are well preserved in the sediment and their morphological taxonomy is documented by DNA barcodes. Specifically, we re-analyze foraminiferal-specific metabarcodes from 31 deep-sea sediment samples, which were shown to contain a small fraction of sequences from planktonic foraminifera. We confirm that the largest portion of the metabarcode originates from benthic bottom-dwelling foraminifera, representing the in situ community, but a small portion (< 10 %) of the metabarcodes can be unambiguously assigned to planktonic taxa. These organisms live exclusively in the surface ocean and the recovered barcodes thus represent an allochthonous component deposited with the rain of organic remains from the surface ocean. We take advantage of the planktonic foraminifera portion of the metabarcodes to establish to what extent the structure of the surface ocean biota is preserved in sedimentary eDNA. We show that planktonic foraminifera DNA is preserved in a range of marine sediment types, the composition of the recovered eDNA metabarcode is replicable and that both the similarity structure and the diversity pattern are preserved. Our results suggest that sedimentary eDNA could preserve the ecological structure of the entire pelagic community, including non-fossilized taxa, thus opening new avenues for paleoceanographic and paleoecological studies.
Citation
Morard , R , Lejzerowicz , F , Darling , K F , Lecroq-Bennet , B , Winther Pedersen , M , Orlando , L , Pawlowski , J , Mulitza , S , de Vargas , C & Kucera , M 2017 , ' Planktonic foraminifera-derived environmental DNA extracted from abyssal sediments preserves patterns of plankton macroecology ' , Biogeosciences , vol. 14 , no. 11 , pp. 2741-2754 . https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2741-2017
Publication
Biogeosciences
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2741-2017
ISSN
1726-4170
Type
Journal article
Rights
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Description
The study was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation grants 31003A-140766 and 313003A-159709 and by the DFG Research Centre/Cluster of Excellence “The Ocean in the Earth System”.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11053

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