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dc.contributor.advisorPitt, Samantha Jane
dc.contributor.authorDorward, Amy
dc.coverage.spatialxxviii, 364 p.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-26T13:01:31Z
dc.date.available2021-11-26T13:01:31Z
dc.date.issued2022-06-17
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/24409
dc.description.abstractCardiac ion homeostasis is vital for efficient cardiac function. Intracellular Ca²⁺ dyshomeostasis and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca²⁺ leak are considered hallmarks of heart failure. Disrupted intracellular Zn²⁺ signalling is also prevalent in heart failure, with raised Zn²⁺ levels observed in cardiomyocytes under ischaemic conditions. Adverse effects of elevated Zn²⁺ levels on cardiac function are widely reported, including reduced contractile force and aberrant Ca²⁺ handling. The molecular mechanisms linking dysregulated Zn²⁺ and Ca²⁺ signalling remain poorly understood. MG23 is a newly identified, Ca²⁺-permeable cation channel located on the SR/endoplasmic reticulum. Recently, the activity of MG23 was shown to be modulated by pathological [Zn²⁺]. The aim of this project was to investigate the role of MG23 as a Zn²⁺-regulated Ca²⁺ leak channel and to determine how altered [Zn²⁺] shapes intracellular Ca²⁺ dynamics. Using isolated mouse cardiomyocytes, this study showed that MG23 protein expression increased following hypoxia (≤ 1% O₂; 3-24 hours). Live cell imaging demonstrated that intracellular Zn²⁺ levels are elevated in cells exposed to hypoxia, coinciding with a significant reduction in SR Ca²⁺ levels. Decreased SR Ca²⁺ was not observed following treatment with Zn²⁺-chelator TPEN at early hypoxic time points (3 hours). Strikingly, decreased SR Ca²⁺ content was not observed in cardiomyocytes isolated from Mg23-KO hearts until 24 hours hypoxia. This provides the first evidence that MG23 activity is regulated by Zn²⁺ leading to increased SR Ca²⁺ leak. In heart failure, intracellular [Zn²⁺] is elevated to levels that increase MG23 activity. This study reveals that Zn²⁺ modulation of MG23 occurs across multiple species including mouse and human. Glutamic acid residue 79 in human MG23 was identified as a potential site for controlling Zn²⁺ modulation of channel activity. MG23 may therefore be a novel target in the design of therapeutic interventions for treatment of heart failure where SR Ca²⁺ leak is exacerbated.en_US
dc.description.sponsorship"This work was supported by the British Heart Foundation [reference FS/17/9/32676]." -- Fundingen
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of St Andrews
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectCalciumen_US
dc.subjectZincen_US
dc.subjectHeart failureen_US
dc.subjectMitsugumin 23en_US
dc.subjectSR calcium leaken_US
dc.subject.lccQH603.S27D7
dc.subject.lcshSarcoplasmic reticulumen
dc.subject.lcshIntracellular calciumen
dc.subject.lcshHeart failureen
dc.titleMitsugumin 23 is a putative zinc regulated sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak channelen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
dc.contributor.sponsorBritish Heart Foundationen_US
dc.type.qualificationlevelDoctoralen_US
dc.type.qualificationnamePhD Doctor of Philosophyen_US
dc.publisher.institutionThe University of St Andrewsen_US
dc.rights.embargodate2026-11-05
dc.rights.embargoreasonThesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 5th November 2026en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.17630/sta/148
dc.identifier.grantnumberFS/17/9/32676en_US


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    Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    Except where otherwise noted within the work, this item's licence for re-use is described as Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International