2024-03-28T19:28:54Zhttps://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/oai/requestoai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/164972018-11-19T12:26:36Zcom_10023_108com_10023_29col_10023_110col_10023_874
Title redacted
Pierini, Carmela
Riccobono, Rossella
PQ4827.0635Z5P5
2016-06-23
2018-11-19T12:24:48Z
2018-11-19T12:24:48Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16497
it
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
2021-05-23
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 23rd May 2021
261 p.
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/26372019-04-01T09:05:04Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Linguistic meta-theory the formal and empirical conditions of acceptability of linguistic theories and descriptions
Rastall, P. R.
Hervey, S. G. J.
Mulder, J. W. F.
Roberts, D.
P121.R2
Linguistics
Linguistics--Philosophy
Linguistics--Research
Most linguists acknowledge, explicitly or implicitly,
the relevance of epistemological questions in
linguistics but relatively few have given more than a
cursory, ad hoc or incomplete consideration to them.
The work of one of those few, Jan Mulder, forms the
starting point for much of the present discussion.
Epistemological considerations arise in many contexts
in linguistics and in many guises. It is an epistemological
matter whenever we test the adequacy of a
description or the acceptability of a theory. Epistemological
considerations are latent whenever we discuss
the form or the content of linguistic theories
and descriptions or their interrelations. The comparison
of different approaches to linguistics inevitably
raises epistemological questions concerning our
approach to linguistics or our presuppositions about it.
These questions are of a general nature and transcend
questions about particular linguistic theories and descriptions.
These epistemological questions force us to
consider what we take linguistics to be. In considering
questions of the type mentioned we are forced, for
example, to analyse what we mean by a "linguistic
theory", a "linguistic description" and what phenomena
we are aiming to understand. We are, furthermore,
forced to analyse the constraints which a scientific
attitude places upon linguistic theorising
and description-building. It is these questions concerning
the acceptability of linguistic theories and
descriptions which we call linguistic meta-theory.
This thesis falls into five main parts. Firstly,
in Chapter One, we consider the nature and scope of
linguistic meta-theory. Secondly, in Chapter Two, we
look at a number of previous approaches to the subject.
Other important contributions are discussed as they
arise in the text. Thirdly, in Chapters Three and
Four, we consider in detail the major meta-theoretical
distinctions in linguistics and their consequences.
In particular, we distinguish linguistic theories
from linguistic descriptions and discuss the nature of
linguistic phenomena. The view is put forward that
linguistics is a scientific subject. The meaning of
this assertion is analysed and the interrelations of
linguistic theories, descriptions and phenomena are
considered in the light of this analysis. The main
epistemological requirement that is put forward and
defended is that of the empiricism of linguistics.
Certain changes in our view of the philosophy of science
and in our view of the form of linguistic theories
and descriptions follow from the conjunction of
these major meta-theoretical positions.
Fourthly, we consider the main meta-theoretical
considerations concerning theories (Chapter Five) and
reject a widespread view of linguistic theory as a
non-empirical study (Chapter Six) and we consider the
main meta-theoretical conditions relating to linguistic
descriptions and some practical examples of description
-building consonant with the general positions adopted
in Chapter Seven. In Chapter Eight, we look at a concrete
example of theory-building in the light of the
meta-theoretical conditions of acceptability previously
set up. We are especially concerned to show how a
theory can meet the condition of being "applicable" or
"indirectly scientific" through the establishment of
acceptable empirical descriptions consonant with the
meta-theoretical conditions on descriptions considered
earlier.
The view that linguistics is a science implies
that we must be concerned with the empirical testing of
descriptions and, so, the fifth part of the work is
devoted to methodology. In Chapter Nine, we defend
the role and necessity of methodology in linguistics
and set up the logical framework of relations between
the methodology and theory descriptions and phenomena.
In Chapter Ten, we examine two of the known types of
empirical testing and their shortcomings. Finally, in
Chapter Eleven, we give an example of the successful
and correct application of a methodology in order to
bring out the nature of empirical testing and to demonstrate
its feasibility within a scientific linguistics
of the sort we imagine.
1984
2012-06-05T09:41:27Z
2012-06-05T09:41:27Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2637
en
application/pdf
432
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/97642016-11-04T10:50:35Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Negotiating home spaces : spatial practices in Italian postcolonial literature
Giuliana, Chiara
Duncan, Derek
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
PQ4053.E45G5
Italian literature|xHistory and criticism--21st century
Italian literature--History and criticism--20th century
Immigrants in literature
Postcolonialism
2015
2016-11-04T10:33:17Z
2016-11-04T10:33:17Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9764
en
2020-10-30
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 30th October 2020
253 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/29222019-04-01T09:05:07Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
An edition of Diwan al-Ahkam al-kubra by `Isa b. Sahl (d. 486 A.H / 1144)
al-Nuaimy, Rashid Hamid
PJ7755.S24N9
The title of this thesis is "An Edition of Diwan Al Ahkam
al-Kubra by `Isa b. Sahl Abi al-Asbag who died in the year 486 A. H.
1093. A. D. This work consists of two parts. The first part is the
Arabic text, and the second is the English introduction.
This thesis as a whole was intended to become three volumes but
only the original copy is now in three volumes and the photocopies
are in two volumes.
The first volume ended at page number 727 and the second started
with the subject of “Sura fima Tahalaf...” 11 page number 728 to the end
of the Arabic text.
The Arabic text contains the Arabic index of Diwan al-Ahkam
al-Kubra, a few loose pages found with this book, the whole material
of the master copy and all the additional pages found in copies R and
A.
The present Arabic text is the photocopy of a manuscript which
was procured from The National Library in Algeria. It was listed under
No. 1332, and it was used as a master copy of this thesis.
The other nine copies have been utilised as supplementary material
for the purpose of checking evidence, of comparing variants and for
verification, where difficulties occurred in reading some lines or
illegible words in the master copy.
The English part consists of six chapters.
The first chapter provides general information as an introduction
to this thesis in locating the master copy, and the other copies.
The second chapter provides an idea of A1-Awza’iy's doctrines
in Andalusia during Abu A1-Asbag’s time, and how these doctrines
appeared in Andalusia. Imam Malik's doctrines were discussed, and
so was the method of how it was introduced there before the 'Isa b.
Sahl's time.
General ideas about Imam Malik and Abu Hanifa, their life and opinions,
their schools in al-Madina and Iraq, and their different legal opinions
were examined in this chapter. Also included in the chapter, is the
influence of Malik's doctrines through his students, who introduced
the doctrines into Andalusia.
Also incorporated was the question of Egypt and her part in
advancing Malik's doctrines into Andalusia, with reference to what
was found in Abu al-Asbag's book, as a part of the establishment of
Malik's doctrines in Andalusia and North Africa.
The question of Al-Si`a’s doctrines in North Africa and Andalusia
as a different school from the Sunna which began to reveal itself
through the conflict between the other Sunna schools (Awza`iy, Maliki
and Hanafi) was analysed.
The third chapter concerned Legal organisation in Andalusia, the
Powers and the Obligations of jurists. We referred in this chapter to
Abu al-Asbag's words in his book and how-the legal procedures were
organized during his lifetime.
The duties and responsibilities of the judges in their different
capacities were mentioned and evaluated in this section of the chapter,
with reference to the legal cases of Abu al-Asbag's. There is a general
examination of the various kinds of legal offices pertaining to the
judges, such as Sahib al-Mawarit, Sahib al-Surta, and Sahib al-Madina.
Mention was also made of some judges who held legal positions such as
Sahib al-Bahar and Sahib al-Sika. Various forms of punishment were
looked at with respect to individual crime, as issuing from the
administration of legal authority.
The fourth chapter deals with the author of the MS, his name,
surname, place and date of birth, his teachers, qualifications for
the legal profession, his journeys, his students, his later years and
his death.
There was the attempt to elucidate the historical evidence concerning
the life and activity of the author, by employing both ancient
and modern references available in and outwith Great Britain.
The author's legal statements were quoted in order to give an idea
about his legal practices. At the end of this chapter the conclusion
was reached that Abu al-Asbag was a very well-known scholar, judge,
jurist and legal adviser to the ruler. A few paragraphs were quoted
showing the high esteem in which he was held.
The fifth chapter of the thesis is given over to an analysis and
a description of the Algerian copy (No. 1332) as a master copy. -
A description of the other copies (R, A, B, D, H, F, S, The
Royal Copy No. 2501, the missing copy No. 464D, and copy M) were given
in full detail, with the different title of each copy.
At the end of the chapter a key to the Arabic text is given.
The sixth chapter deals with the classification of the legal topics
covered in the author's book and their relationship to the Iraqi Laws,
with consideration of the necessary legal topics.
The thesis also deals with the author's legal opinions and his
colleagues. It examines the author's conception of Islamic Law and
Islamic Jurisprudence in Andalusia during the Muslim times. Also
contained are photocopies of the first and the last pages of all MSS
used in the work.
1978
2012-07-04T13:28:34Z
2012-07-04T13:28:34Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2922
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
1599
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/203502021-07-27T10:53:52Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Illustration, interpretation, and innovation : 151 years of visual-arts adaptations of the poetic works of Charles Baudelaire
Dakin, Fiona
Evans, David Elwyn
Bowd, Gavin
Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
Visual arts
Illustration
Baudelaire
Poetry
Adaptation
Les Fleurs du mal
PQ2191.Z5D2
Baudelaire, Charles, 1821-1867--Criticism and interpretation
Baudelaire, Charles, 1821-1867. Fleurs du mal--Illustrations
Baudelaire, Charles, 1821-1867. Spleen de Paris--Illustrations
At least 125 artists have adapted the poetic works of Charles Baudelaire using a visual medium. This corpus of over 1000 images dates from 1866 to 2017, and includes illustrations, paintings, photography, comic books, and a television series. This thesis analyses individual images with an aim to uncover new readings of Baudelaire, as well as new approaches to adaptation. The most prominent trend in the corpus is the erotic, highlighting the legacy of Les Fleurs du mal’s 1857 obscenity trial. The representational aesthetic used by many of these artists mirrors the link that Baudelaire draws between close representation and pornography. Several artists have, conversely, used abstract art to illustrate Baudelaire, suggesting that some element of the source other than narrative is being adapted in these works. Indeed, certain proponents of abstraction point towards Baudelaire’s art criticism as an early movement away from representation in the modern age. Ironically, several artists have chosen to adapt Baudelaire using photography, emphasising the role of the imagination in this medium that the poet deemed an imitation of nature. Artists using collage to illustrate Baudelaire play another game with representation in their use of pre-existing artworks. These works evoke the Baudelairean ragpicker, who repurposes junk to create novelties. Finally, the two comics in the corpus recall Baudelaire’s essays on caricature, which emphasise the role of the imagination. These works also focus on elements of the source other than narrative, such as aesthetic and mood. Overall, because these artists make decisions about what to adapt (or not) from the source, this thesis is also a study of what matters most for these readers in Baudelaire’s poetry, and the variety of interpretations tangibly demonstrates its multivalence. Moreover, we discover that adaptations do not necessarily form one-way source-to-target relationships, but rather webs of interconnected artworks in multi-directional dialogues.
"This research was funded by AHRC grant 1648379." -- Acknowledgements
2020-07-30
2020-07-28T13:40:42Z
2020-07-28T13:40:42Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/20350
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-20350
en
Charles Baudelaire, Les Fleurs du mal
2025-06-01
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 1st June 2025
xi, 231 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/28772019-04-01T09:05:08Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Parasyntax and the sentential level in axiomatic functionalism
Gardner, Sheena F.
Mulder, Jan
P122.F8G2
Linguistics
This thesis is presented as a contribution to the St Andrews School
of Linguistics, Axiomatic Functionalism, as developed by Mulder and
Hervey. It is essentially a piece of Theoretical Linguistics which
outlines an approach to the hitherto undeveloped areas of Parasyntax
and the Sentential Level in Axiomatic Functionalism.
The theoretical arguments are supported by descriptive hypotheses
concerning the nature of Spoken English. These descriptions are
corpus-based.
The conclusion reached by the author is that not only are Parasyntax
and the Sentential Level distinct in theory (this is axiomatic), but
they are also distinct in their application as regards methodology
and description. This conclusion will undoubtedly prove to be
controversial in the light of recent developments in Axiomatic
Functionalism concerning the Postulates in particular (of which the
author was at the time of writing unaware), and in the light of
other Functionalist approaches to the nature of intonation and
sentences.
It is anticipated that this thesis will be of value to those
interested in Functionalism as well as those concerned with
intonation and the levels of language beyond syntax.
1985
2012-07-02T09:43:02Z
2012-07-02T09:43:02Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2877
en
application/pdf
294
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/89402019-04-01T09:05:11Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The German language and Reunification 1990 : the effect of emotion on the use of modal particles in East and West Berlin
Braber, Natalie
Beedham, Christopher
PF3058.B8
The thesis looks at the language of Germany before and after
unification in 1990. In particular the language of the German
Democratic Republic before the Wende is examined and the
subsequent changes within it. Furthermore, the influence of emotion
on the use of modal particles in East and West Berlin is analysed in
order to ascertain how emotion can affect language use. The first
section concentrates on the language of the German Democratic
Republic and how this differed from the language of the Federal
Republic of Germany. By looking at two such opposing political
systems it is possible to see the effect of politics and the social,
cultural and economic values of a state on its language. The second
section analyses the language of Germany after the Wende in 1989
and unification in 1990. These changes in German society had
profound effects on all aspects of East German life, and to a lesser
extent in the Federal Republic of Germany. The citizens of the former
German Democratic Republic had to learn to adapt to their new
system and this is closely examined. Section three examines modal
particles, what they are and how they are used in the German
language. After a more general section, the particular modal particles
examined in chapter 5: eben, halt, doch, denn and eigentlich are
discussed and their usages examined. The fourth section
concentrates on emotion and how it has been viewed in past and
present research, in conjunction with thought and language. The fifth
and final section is the analysis of a corpus of German language,
interviews with citizens of East and West Berlin regarding 9 November
1989 and the period after. By examining this corpus, looking at the
usage of the five afore-mentioned modal particles and tags and the
emotion felt by the speakers, the connection between emotion and the
use of modal particles is illustrated.
2002
2016-06-06T15:48:29Z
2016-06-06T15:48:29Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
uk.bl.ethos.687033
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8940
en
application/pdf
368 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/7132019-07-01T10:05:07Zcom_10023_102com_10023_29com_10023_105col_10023_104col_10023_107col_10023_874
The specificity of Simenon: on translating 'Maigret'
Taylor, Judith Louise
Bowd, Gavin P.
Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
Comparative literature
Crime
Culture
Detective fiction
French
German
Maigret
Simenon
Stylistics
Translation
PQ2637.I53Z5V4
Simenon, Georges, 1903-1989--Translations--History and criticism
Literature, Comparative
The project examines how German- and English-speaking translators of selected
Maigret novels by the Belgian crime writer Georges Simenon have dealt with cultural
and linguistic specificity, with a view to shedding light on how culture and language
translate. Following a survey of different theories of translation, an integrated theory
is applied in order to highlight what Simenon’s translators have retained and lost from
three selected source texts: Le Charretier de la Providence (1931), Les Mémoires de
Maigret (1951) and Maigret et les braves gens (1961). The examination of issues of
linguistic and cultural specificity is facilitated by application of an integrated theory
of translation coupled with the methodology devised by Hervey, Higgins and
Loughridge (1992, 1995 and 2002). In addition, consideration of paradigms of
detective fiction across the three cultures involved, and Simenon’s biography and
wider oeuvre, help elucidate the salient features of the selected source texts. In view of
the translators’ decisions, strategies for minimising various types of translation loss
are presented. While other studies of translation theory have examined literary and
technical texts, this study breaks new ground by focussing specifically on the
comparative analysis of detective fiction in translation.
2009-06-23
2009-06-18T14:41:47Z
2009-06-18T14:41:47Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
uk.bl.ethos.552245
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/713
en
'Le Charretier de la Providence'
'Les Mémoires de Maigret'
'Maigret et les braves gens'
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
1137046 bytes
application/pdf
application/pdf
237
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/188702021-04-12T09:09:01Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The Ateneo Mexicano : the cultural constellation of mid-nineteenth century Mexico, 1840-1850
Madrigal Hernández, Erika
Fowler, Will
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) (Mexico)
This thesis is about a forgotten group, made up of the leading Mexican
intellectuals and politicians of the 1840s, who put aside their different party interests
and came together, to form the Ateneo Mexicano, an educational institution with its
own journal that was committed to fostering Mexican culture. Studied here for the
first time, the present study offers a sense of who the ateneístas were, what they
were hoping to achieve, and how they set about attempting to do so, at a time of
acute political instability. The central argument of this thesis revolves around how
the cultural constellation of the Ateneo Mexicano (1840-1850) set about creating a
national literary discourse. Furthermore, it argues that its intellectual nationalism
went beyond the creation of a new national poetry, in the way that its members
developed a multidisciplinary and practical approach to knowledge. This study
contends that the Ateneo Mexicano’s cultural project, involved promoting a
sociocultural vision that was meant to reach out to and include the wider public, in
an attempt to instil a sense of nationhood among the population at a critical time in
which Mexico was undergoing a crisis of confidence.
2019-06-27
2019-11-07T10:20:47Z
2019-11-07T10:20:47Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18870
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-18870
en
2024-11-29
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 29th November 2024
286 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/29192019-04-01T09:05:12Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Aspects of the problems of translating metaphor, with special reference to modern Arabic poetry
Obeidat, Hisham T. B.
Hervey, Sandor
PJ6074.E6O2
Arabic language
This thesis examines a crucial area in the translation of poetic discourse, the
translatability of modern Arabic metaphor into English. Two main questions
are addressed. Firstly, what makes a particular metaphor easy to translate?
Secondly, what makes another metaphor difficult or even impossible to
translate?
The thesis consists of two parts, theory and data analysis. The first part,
theory, contains five chapters. In chapter 1 general theories of metaphor are
discussed; interaction, imagination and experientialist theory. In chapter 2
poetic metaphor is examined; its interpretation, its aesthetic values, the part
played by the imagination in processing metaphor, the importance of cultural
knowledge and the problems of translation. In chapter 3 the metonymymetaphor
relationship is assessed, and in chapter 4 the notion of dead
metaphor is examined. In chapter 5, light is shed on the use of poetic
metaphor in the Arab media and in particular on its use as an effective device
to persuade the audience to accept the current peace discourse in the Middle
East.
Part 2, data analysis, also consists of five chapters of which chapter 6 is the
introduction to the data analysis, and links the two parts of the thesis
together. Chapters 7 to 10 concern the translation of metaphor in particular
categories of poetry: in chapter 7 the emphasis is on autobiographical poetry
(Ghäzi al-Ghusaybi : "In the Grip of My Fifties" and "Making Me a
Grandfather"). In chapter 8 the focus is on the poetry of exile (Fadwä Tüqän:
"Ruqayya" and "The Call of the Land"). In chapter 9 nationalist poetry is
discusses (Fadwä Tüqan: "My Sad City" and "Hamza"), while in chapter 10
socio-political poetry is considered (Salah `Abd al-Sabür : "Sadness").
The findings of this research may be summarised as follows: the translation
of Arabic poetic metaphor into English requires most importantly the
recreation of a similar cultural experience in the TL. The data analysis shows
that, in certain cases, it is easy to restructure the ST metaphoric experience
with the same experience in the TL. On numerous occasions, however, the SL
metaphoric experience has to be rendered by a different metaphor exhibiting
a similar, or parallel, experience. Lastly, the data also demonstrate to the
reader how, in certain contexts, the ST metaphor is untranslatable, simply
because the host language cannot express satisfactorily the ST thought in the
same or a similar way.
1997
2012-07-04T12:54:56Z
2012-07-04T12:54:56Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2919
en
application/pdf
259
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/7892019-04-01T09:02:39Zcom_10023_102com_10023_29com_10023_105col_10023_104col_10023_107col_10023_874
The formation of a European identity through a transnational public sphere? The case of three Western European cultural journals, 1989-2006
Hauswedell, Tessa C.
Gifford, Paul
Moore, Greg
European public sphere
European identity
Cultural journals
Intellectuals
Habermas
France
Great Britain
Germany
CB203.H28
Habermas, Jürgen--Criticism and interpretation
New left review
Group identity--Europe
Press--Europe--Influence--20th century
Press--Europe--Influence--21st century
Europe--Intellectual life
Esprit
Merkur
This thesis analyses processes of discursive European identity formation in three cultural journals: Esprit, from France, the British New Left Review and the German Merkur during the time periods 1989-92, and, a decade later, during 2003-06.
The theoretical framework which the thesis brings to bear on this analysis is that of the European Public Sphere. This model builds on Jürgen Habermas’s original model of a “public sphere”, and alleges that a sphere of common debate about issues of European concern can lead to a more defined and integrated sense of a European identity which is widely perceived as vague and inchoate. The relevancy of the public sphere model and its connection to the larger debate about European identity, especially since 1989, are discussed in the first part of the thesis.
The second part provides a comparative analysis of the main European debates in the journals during the respective time periods. It outlines the mechanisms by which identity is expressed and assesses when, and to what extent, shared notions of European identity emerge. The analysis finds that identity formation does not occur through a developmental, gradual convergence of views as the European public sphere model envisages. Rather, it is brought about in much more haphazard back-and-forth movements. Moreover, shared notions of European identity between all the journals only arise in moments of perceived crises. Such crises are identified as the most salient factor which galvanizes expressions of a common, shared sense of European identity across national boundaries and ideological cleavages.
The thesis concludes that the model of the EPS is too dependent on a partial view of how identity formation occurs and should thus adopt a more nuanced understanding about the complex factors that are at play in these processes. For the principled attempt to circumscribe identity formation as the outcome of communicative processes alone is likely to be thwarted by external events.
2009-11-30
2009-11-20T10:22:41Z
2009-11-20T10:22:41Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
uk.bl.ethos.559926
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/789
en
application/pdf
284
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/28992019-04-01T09:05:14Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The semiotics of printed instructions (graphic signa)
Toumajian, Trak-Sarkis
Hervey, Sandor
P325.T7
Semantics
Semiotics
This thesis sets out to describe sign systems for communication
using Axiomatic Functionalism as its theoretical framework.
In doing so, the thesis also provides an important
test to the claim of Axiomatic Functionalism that by using
its premisses the semiotician (or linguist) has all the
necessary "tools" s/he needs for the analysis and description
(the one implies the other) of any semiotic system for
communication (including Language).
Using Axiomatic Functionalism the author attempts to
describe a number of graphic semiotic systems for communication.
He finds that for an adequate description of the
signa (a generic term which includes various types of signs
and symbols) in these systems further theoretical notions
and definitions are needed. Discussing these the author
concludes that for Axiomatic Functionalism to maintain its
claim of universal applicability to any sign system for communication
it needs to incorporate in its premisses the
notions and definitions proposed here.
The thesis begins by a brief general introduction to
semiotics. This is followed by a discussion of what constitutes
scientific theories in relation to semiotics (including
linguistics). The relevant aspects of Axiomatic
Functionalism are then discussed, after which certain
original theoretical notions are introduced. These include:
“mnemonic economy" (with its many manifestations including
"mnemonic/pictorial motivation"), the "general organising
principle" ("systemic principle"), "principle of coinage" (a
mechanism for generating signa), and "signum-family”.
Having established the necessary theoretical background, the
author proceeds to describe various graphic “signum-systems"
discussing their important features and establishing the
types of signum they consist of and, consequently, the types
of system they are, their complexity and the "plerology”
(grammar) of each system, where present. The systems discussed
include various systems used in books on plants; a
system used in a book on "lace knitting"; a system used in
working models; a system used in providing information about
paintings in the "Classics of World Art" series of books;
and a system used in the "Automobile Association" handbooks.
Further Axiomatic Functionalist theoretical notions,
directly relevant to the systems described thereafter, are
then introduced. This is followed by a description of three
systems: two computer "languages", the "Hexadecimal notation"
and the "binary code", and the "Library of Congress
classification system". A final brief "Epilogue" concludes
the thesis.
1986
2012-07-02T15:44:01Z
2012-07-02T15:44:01Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2899
en
application/pdf
354
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/233212021-06-07T14:53:25Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Making Hamlet German : forms of translation and recreation
Hagen, Rebecca
White, Michael James
Klassik Stiftung Weimar
Shakespeare
Schlegel
Translation
Retranslation
Recreation
PR2807.H24
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet--Translations into German--History and criticism
Schlegel, August Wilhelm von, 1767-1845--Criticism and interpretation
Hauptmann, Gerhart, 1862-1946--Criticism and interpretation
Fried, Erich--Criticism and interpretation
Günther, Frank--Criticism and interpretation
Schanelec, Angela, 1962- --Criticism and interpretation
Gosch, Jürgen--Criticism and interpretation
Literature--Translations--History and criticism
Translating and interpreting--History
This thesis examines the retranslation and recreation of Hamlet in Germany in the twentieth and the early twenty-first century by studying the interrelationship of translation studies, adaptation studies and reception studies. The thesis intends to trace emerging patterns in the (re-)translation of Shakespeare’s Hamlet regarding metaphors and images that have become identifiably ‘Shakespearean’ in the German tradition. Four retranslations, all published within a period of eighty years, serve as the basis for this research. They include the recreation by Gerhart Hauptmann (1927), the interlingual transpositions by Erich Fried (1972) and Frank Günther (1988/1997) as well as the stage translation created by Angela Schanelec and Jürgen Gosch (2001).
The thesis adopts a comparative approach to the topic, juxtaposing the retranslations and recreations of Shakespeare’s Hamlet to Schlegel’s canonical translation of the Long Nineteenth Century. By comparing and contrasting succeeding translations to the Schlegelian translation as well as their direct predecessors, it can be assessed to what extent retranslators have engaged with previous solutions, thereby benefitting the creation of a translating tradition. It furthermore assesses to what extent images have been mediated to fit temporal as well as socio-cultural expectations. Beyond the linguistic examination of the translations, this thesis intends to contribute to a deeper understanding of the process of retranslation as a whole. Unlike previous studies, this thesis highlights the dependency of the retranslating process on other forms of recreation and hence explores the diverse forms the process may take. By shedding light on the different approaches taken by the four retranslators, or recreators, it appears possible to show that the term ‘retranslation’ may be better understood as an umbrella term for all processes seeking to update, recontextualise and engage with existing versions of a source text.
"This work was supported by the Klassik Stiftung Weimar [Weimar-Stipendium, 2019]." -- Funding
2020-07-30
2021-06-07T14:23:37Z
2021-06-07T14:23:37Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/23321
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/69
1
en
2025-06-24
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 24th June 2025
x, 181 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/28892019-04-01T09:05:17Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Jamharat Ash`ar Al-Arab : a critical edition of the text with an examination of the literary and historical aspects
Zaini, Mahmud Hasan
Burton, John
PJ7755.A8Z2
1969
2012-07-02T13:21:52Z
2012-07-02T13:21:52Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2889
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
1206
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/114172019-12-20T09:58:06Zcom_10023_123com_10023_30com_10023_29col_10023_125col_10023_874
In search of images : Uruguayan cinema, 1960-2010
Tadeo Fuica, Beatriz
Martin-Jones, David
San Román, Gustavo
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
Santander UK. Santander Universities
Thomas and Margaret Roddan Trust
Society for Latin American Studies (Great Britain)
Association of Hispanists of Great Britain and Ireland
Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
University of St Andrews. GRADskills
LJ Woodward Memorial Prize
PN1993.5U85T2
Motion pictures--Uruguay--History
This thesis investigates fifty years of Uruguayan cinema in order to revisit the
relationship between cinema and nation, at a time in which transnational flows are
putting into question the concept of nation and, more precisely, that of national
cinema. This investigation also contributes to current discussions on the changing
nature of cinema, generated by the fast adoption of digital technology and the
imminent disappearance of film stock. Through the case of Uruguay, I explore the
construction of national identity not only through the text, but also through the –
filmic, digital and/or analogue – materiality of film. This approach incorporates aspects
which are not usually studied together to contribute to the analysis of Uruguayan
cinema in a manner potentially applicable to other nations with similar characteristics;
that is to say, nations without an established film heritage and filmmaking tradition.
Informed by writings on film, cultural, historical and archival studies, this thesis
approaches films as ‘hybrid’ rather than ‘pure’ or ‘authentic’ texts and media. I argue
that both the text and materiality of films absorb, influence and reflect the dynamic
processes involved in the construction of national identity. Rather than seeking for
authenticity and homogeneity, this thesis stresses the necessity to focus on
discontinuity and diversity. Therefore, it analyses lost and under-researched short,
documentary, animation and institutional films and videos, alongside feature fiction
films.
First, I present a theoretical discussion on the relationship between nation and
cinema, the concept of hybridity in film studies, and the importance of technology for
production, preservation and access. This is followed by four chronological chapters in
which the hybrid text and materiality of films are analysed in contexts of social and
political upheaval; dictatorship, resistance and exile; transition; and neo-liberalism and
globalisation. This thesis demonstrates that the ties between cinema and nation have
not necessarily loosened in the global and digital age, and still deserve critical
attention.
2014
2017-08-09T16:02:55Z
2017-08-09T16:02:55Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11417
en
2024-12-18
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 18th December 2024
v, 247 p.
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/28962019-04-01T09:05:19Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Al-Maqalat al Jawhariyya `ala al-Maqamat al-Haririyya
Ibrahim, Ismail bin Haji
Galloway, R. D.
PJ7755.H3I2
Ḥarīrī, 1054-1122. Maqāmāt
The Thesis presents a critical edition of the
first volume of Khayr al-Din ibn Taj al-Din Ilyas al-Madani’s al-Maqalat al-Jawhariyya `ala al-Maqamat al-Haririyya, accompanied by an introduction dealing
briefly with the Maqamat as a literary genre, the
commentaries on the Maqamat, the description of various
manuscripts of al-Maqalat and the authorship of the
work.
The text itself consists of, a preface, the
commentary on Hariri's preface, followed by the
commentary on the first twenty-five Maqamat of
unequal length. Volume two of al-Maqalat consists of
the commentary on the remaining twenty-five Maqamat.
This has been found too long to include in this work.
It is hoped, however, that it will be possible to
edit this volume separately in the future.
This work, al-Maqalat, was brought to my
notice by the book Makamat by Theodore Preston,*
Professor of Arabic at Cambridge University, who
in his preface mentions al-Maqalat and describes it
as "an excellent running commentary on the Makamat."
The two volumes of the work are contained in the
Burchardt collection of the Cambridge University
Library, and "it is a very lucid and valuable work
and well deserves to be edited. "
My first task in the attempt to edit
al-Maqalat, then, was a search, extending from
Cambridge to Cairo, Alexandria and Patna, for the
manuscripts of that and other books of commentary
on the Maqamat, most of which are still in
manuscript form.
* Published in London, 1850.
1975
2012-07-02T15:00:49Z
2012-07-02T15:00:49Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2896
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
861
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/155832021-05-13T11:40:17Zcom_10023_102com_10023_29col_10023_104col_10023_874
Mourning, writing, (self-)transformation: the autofiction of Serge Doubrovsky
Fusaro, Anaïs
Hugueny-Léger, Élise
University of St Andrews
PQ2664.O85Z5F8
Doubrovsky, Serge--Criticism and interpretation
Autobiographical fiction, French
Autobiography
Self in literature
Mourning in literature
Memory in literature
Writing--Psychological aspects
Writing--Psychological aspects
French literature--20th century--History and criticism
This thesis investigates the capacity of mourning to transform one’s life into writing. Since mourning impacts each individual in a very unique way, its effect in the field of life-writing is incommensurable. In this respect, the changes brought about in the 20th century by the works of Serge Doubrovsky are remarkable: through the exploration of his eight autofictions (word which he coined in 1977) in addition to his six essays on literature, this study demonstrates how his experience of mourning has challenged and redefined the borders of autobiography.
This investigation starts with the observation of the writer-narrator’s writing drive, which emerges from a threefold experience of death: the loss of his mother, the trauma of World War II, and the perspective of his own death. The first section argues that writing transforms the private experience of mourning into memory. Since forgetfulness threatens memory, memory must be saved and disseminated; this is why Serge Doubrovsky composes his autofiction as literature which is made of, and which belongs to, memories. The second section observes how mourning transforms the experience of writing and reading: a focus on ‘ressassement’ shows the impact of mourning on writing and how the writer-narrator turns this uncontrollable sign of trauma into his own distinct writing style, called ‘écriture consonnantique’. These transformations participate in the mutation of the writer-reader, fiction-reality, and autobiography-autofiction relationships. The last section observes these abnormal alloys through the lens of the monster. Autofiction could be considered as a monstrous genre, insofar as it recognises the work of the writer to fashion a whole new story out of fragmented and repeated memories in a creative process.
Overall, this study assesses Serge Doubrovsky’s ability to challenge existing literary boundaries, and to create, beyond the breach of mourning and within the splits of language, an interdisciplinary work that deeps on renewing literature.
2018
2018-07-19T11:38:00Z
2018-07-19T11:38:00Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15583
en
2021-05-22
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 22nd May 2021
198 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/26392019-04-01T09:05:21Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
A critical edition of 'Kitab al Fasr' : Ibn Ginni's commentary on the 'Diwan' of al-Mutanabbi (rhymes D-L)
Ahmad, Muhammad Mahdi
Burton, John
PJ7750.M8G5A2
Arabic poetry--History and criticism
Mutanabbī
Ibn Jinnī. Kitāb al-fasr
1984
2012-06-05T10:08:09Z
2012-06-05T10:08:09Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2639
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
705
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/98252019-03-29T16:00:59Zcom_10023_67com_10023_23com_10023_29col_10023_70col_10023_874
Liminality as identity in four novels by Ben Okri and Tahar ben Jelloun
Taylor, Laurel
Milne, Lorma
Herbert, Michael
Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals of the Universities of the United Kingdom
University of St Andrews
University of St Andrews. School of English
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
PN3503.T2
Okri, Ben--Criticism and interpretation.
Jelloun, Tahar Ben, 1944- --Criticism and interpretation
Identity (Philosophical concept) in literature
Liminality in literature
This thesis compares two novels each by Nigerian writer Ben Okri and Moroccan
writer Tahar Ben Jelloun. By examining apparently transformative moments in the lives of each
protagonist, Azaro and Zahra, its principal aim is to show how liminality characterises their
identities, and is a source of personal and potentially political liberation, mirrored in the
narrative techniques.
The Introduction demonstrates the centrality of identity to these novels and the
domain of postcolonial studies and defines the key concepts in relevant literary, theoretical and
political contexts: identity, hybridity, liminality, magical realism and the
postcolonial/postmodern debate.
Chapter I establishes Azaro and Zahra as liminal beings from birth, whose childhood
rituals are incomplete and who continually subvert parental and social expectation. This
examination of liminality may be extended by reading the characters as emblems of their
respective nations-in-waiting.
Chapter II focuses on the tension between biology and culture within Zahra's gendered
identity and demonstrates empowerment in her choice to remain liminal in a 'potential space'.
Azaro's shifting sexual awareness is examined as a manifestation of his liminality. The
allegorical reading of Zahra's life is continued, and a connection made between sexual and
political corruption in the English texts.
Chapter III centres on the fluidity of Azaro's boundaries and perception. Like Zahra's,
his liminality is chosen, as he decides to live in a potential space between human and spirit.
Zahra, too, has a special relationship with the spirit world; she and Azaro are shown to have
revelatory visions of political significance.
The Conclusion brings together the analysis of Azaro's and Zahra's identities before
extending the liminal states of the protagonists to those of reader and artist. It concludes that
these texts offer new opportunities for the understanding of postcolonial texts and moving
beyond the duality of the postcolonial/postmodern debate.
2001
2016-11-16T11:36:05Z
2016-11-16T11:36:05Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9825
en
application/pdf
171 p.
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/259592024-01-17T12:18:33Zcom_10023_1946com_10023_29col_10023_1948col_10023_874
The acquisition of Bradford English dialect features by adult speakers of Pakistani heritage
Alghamdi, Nadih Abdullah S
Elmaz, Orhan
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Sociolinguistics
Dialect acquisition
L2 variation
T-glottalling
Northern British English STRUT
H-dropping
Immigration
Adults
Bradford
PE2084.B8A6
English language--Dialects--Great Britain--Bradford
English language--Dialects--Phonetics
Pakistanis--Great Britain--Bradford
Sociolinguistics--Great Britain
This thesis examines the multiple linguistic and social factors that condition dialect acquisition in second-language speakers of English living in Bradford, UK. More specifically, it provides a quantitative analysis of non-standard, regional features in a sample of 34 adult second-language speakers from Pakistan. Speech data were gathered through sociolinguistic interviews (free conversation) and a spot-the-difference task, and demographic and attitudinal data were gathered through a questionnaire. Auditory and statistical analysis was carried out for three linguistic features: T-glottalling, the STRUT vowel, and H-dropping. The results of this study show that second-language speakers do acquire local norms of variation, but that the extent of acquisition varies greatly between speakers and variables. While Northern STRUT and T-glottalling are acquired at relatively high rates, speakers are more conservative in the acquisition of H-dropping. Additionally, some constraints are replicated in similar patterns to those exhibited by native speakers, while others are not. The results indicate that second-language variation is systematic and conditioned by a number of various factors, such as gender, level of English, and attitude towards the local community. Crucially, these factors interact to inform the speaker’s second-language identity, which affects dialect acquisition. Overall, the results replicate those of previous second-language studies of migrant communities in contact with a non-standard dialect while living in a native-speaking country.
2022-11-30
2022-09-07T09:23:35Z
2022-09-07T09:23:35Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25959
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/196
en
2023-08-17
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Restricted until 17th August 2023
application/pdf
application/msword
xix, 245 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/9612019-06-10T13:43:03Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The Arabic verb : form and meaning in the vowel-lengthening patterns
Danks, Warwick
Beedham, Christopher
Cobham, Catherine
Morphology
Semantics
Aspect
Transitivity
Mutuality
Reciprocity
Valency
Modern Standard Arabic
Syntax
Lexical exceptions
Saussure
Descriptive linguistics
Structuralism
Pattern III
Pattern VI
Atelicity
PJ6145.D2
Arabic language--Verb
Arabic language--Morphology
Arabic language--Semantics
Arabic language--Aspect
Arabic language--Transitivity
Also published: Amsterdam : John Benjamins, 2011 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sfsl.63)
The research presented in this dissertation adopts an empirical Saussurean structuralist approach to elucidating the true meaning of the verb patterns characterised formally by vowel lengthening in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA).
The verbal system as a whole is examined in order to place the patterns of interest (III and VI) in context, the complexities of Arabic verbal morphology are explored and the challenges revealed by previous attempts to draw links between form and meaning are presented. An exhaustive dictionary survey is employed to provide quantifiable data to empirically test the largely accepted view that the vowel lengthening patterns have mutual/reciprocal meaning. Finding the traditional explanation inadequate and prone to too many exceptions, alternative commonalities of meaning are similarly investigated. Whilst confirming the detransitivising function of the ta- prefix which derives pattern VI from pattern III, analysis of valency data also precludes transitivity as a viable explanation for pattern III meaning compared with the base form.
Examination of formally similar morphology in certain nouns leads to the intuitive possibility that vowel lengthening has aspectual meaning. A model of linguistic aspect is investigated for its applicability to MSA and used to isolate the aspectual feature common to the majority of pattern III and pattern VI verbs, which is determined to be atelicity. A set of verbs which appear to be exceptional in that they are not attributable to atelic aspectual categories is found to be characterised by inceptive meaning and a three-phase model of event time structure is developed to include an inceptive verbal category, demonstrating that these verbs too are atelic.
Thus the form-meaning relationship which is discovered is that the vowel lengthening verbal patterns in Modern Standard Arabic have atelic aspectual meaning.
2010-06-24
2010-07-05T11:04:20Z
2010-07-05T11:04:20Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
uk.bl.ethos.552378
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/961
http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sfsl.63
en
Olsen, Mari Broman. 1997. A semantic and pragmatic model of lexical and grammatical aspect. New York: Garland.
Beedham, Christopher. 2005. Language and meaning: The structural creation of reality. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
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437 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/25812019-04-01T09:05:24Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Shams al-dim al-Sakhawi as a historian of the 9th/15th century : with an edition of that section of his chronicles (Wajiz al-kalam) covering the period 800-849 / 1397-1445
Hasso, Ahmad Abdullah
Burton, John
PJ7760.S26H2
Sakhāwī, Muhammad ibn ʻAbd al-Rahmān, 1427 or 8-1497
Historiography--Islamic Empire
Although a prolific writer of history, Sakhawi is, primarily, a
traditionist. As such, accuracy both in utterance and writing would,
by the very nature of his training, be his first objective.
Modern writers appear to have neglected the importance of his
contribution to the understanding of the history of his century.
accept for a few articles, comparatively little has been written. It
is, therefore, strange that such a mine of information as Sakhawi's
writing presents has remained so long in oblivion.
In this thesis an attempt has been made to evaluate that contribution
together with an edition of part of his work.
The study has been divided into three sections, the first dealing
with Sakhawi’s life and times. This part of the study is based largely
on his autobiography which was written but a few months before he died.
During research no reference was discovered to this most informative
work.
The section falls into three chapters, the first of which endeavours
to show the political and educational aspects of Cairo during the early
part of Sakhawi's lifetime. Cairo was his native city and, as such,
made great impact on his early life.
In the second chapter the position of his family, his Shaykhs, the
academic journeys he made, his residence in Hijaz and the last phase of
his life are portrayed.
The third chapter deals with his activities as an adult, his reputation
as a traditionist together with a survey of his works as presented in
his autobiography.
In the second part, the study deals exclusively with Sakhawi as
a historian of the 9th/15th century. This part also is divided into
two chapters, the first of which considers the following aspects: -
I Sakawi's works on the century;
II His motives, methods and literary style and
III His treatment of the history of the century.
The second chapter collates Sakhawi's methods of selecting his
information and the painstaking efforts he made to verify them, together
with his historical achievements, while the last two topics endeavour to
evaluate his task as a historian in that century.
Section three presents the hitherto unedited part of Wajiz al-Kalam...
which deals with the history of the 9th/15th century. This section
also falls into the three divisions of preface, text and annotations.
The last divides again into two groups one of which deals with the
textual variants mentioned in the footnotes and the other attempts to
deal with the interpretation of most of the idiom, colloquial expressions
and the names of places and personalities mentioned in the supplement to
the text.
1972
2012-05-03T08:20:56Z
2012-05-03T08:20:56Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2581
en
application/pdf
543
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/276272023-06-16T21:04:09Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Terry's Mexico (1909) and the early tourist guidebook : a case study
Perez Rodarte, Julia Catrin
Fowler, Will
University of St Andrews. Discretionary Fund
British Council
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
F1209.P4
Abstract redacted
2023-06-16
2023-05-16T10:26:51Z
2023-05-16T10:26:51Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/27627
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/467
en
2028-04-03
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Restricted until 3rd April 2028
application/msword
application/pdf
250
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/111122019-03-29T16:01:18Zcom_10023_67com_10023_23com_10023_102com_10023_29col_10023_70col_10023_104col_10023_874
Popular fiction in France and England, 1860-1875 : convention, irony and ambivalence in the novels of Paul Féval and Wilkie Collins
Picq, Elisabeth
Mallett, Phillip
Read, Peter (Peter F.)
Fiction--19th century--History and criticism
Féval, Paul Henri Corentin
Collins, Wilkie, 1824-1889
This thesis is a comparative study of two popular nineteenth-century writers, Paul Feval and Wilkie Collins, and by extension, of their respective traditions, the Roman-Feuilleton and the Sensation novel. At the same time, the thesis seeks to provide new insight into the nature and function of
popular fiction as a genre.
This study argues that, contrary to common assumptions, popular fiction is a complex and dialogic form. As a comparative project, this thesis underscores similarities and differences between the two writers.
Chapter I looks at the narrative structures of the novels. It demonstrates that the use of archetypal story-patterns and characters leaves room for 'both thoughtful and ironically playful narrative experiments, resulting in a surprising degree of self-reflexivity.
Chapter Il emphasises the dialogic nature of the texts by examining the ways they evoke and rework different genres and registers. It argues that the mingling of tones and moods serves both to stimulate readers' pleasure and to convey criticism of contemporary society. Making use of Mikhaïl
Bakhtin's theories on popular culture, this section highlights the carnivalesque nature of the texts.
Chapter III addresses in detail the formal influence of the theatre on the two sets of texts and investigates the use of theatrical metaphors in the novels as a way to explore the workings of society.
Chapter IV sets out to redress common assumptions about the conservatism of Féval's narratives and the radical nature of Collins' novels by highlighting the existence of two contrary discourses, one manichean and conservative, the other rebellious and immoral.
Chapter V makes use of René Girard's theory of the scapegoat. By showing how the two discourses articulate around a scapegoat figure, it draws a parallel between the mechanisms of popular fiction and social mechanisms. Finally, this section argues that both Féval and Collins were aware of the ideological charge of the form they were using and of its limitations.
2000
2017-06-29T12:06:19Z
2017-06-29T12:06:19Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
uk.bl.ethos.600514
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11112
en
application/pdf
293 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/146552019-04-01T09:05:24Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Writers in the service of revolution : Russia's ideological and literary impact on Spanish poetry and prose, 1925-36
Fasey, Rosemary J.
Dennis, Nigel
Keys, Roger
British Academy
PQ6042.R8F2
Spanish literature--20th century--History and criticism
Spanish literature--Russian influences
Communism and literature--Spain--History--20th century
This thesis is a comparative literary study which is conducted by placing the reception of Russian literature in Spain during the period 1918-36 within the context of the interplay of literature and the social and political situations in which it is written. It first places the boom in the publication of Russian literature in the late 1920s and 1930s within the context of the history of the reception of Russian literature in Spain, providing a comprehensive survey of that history. Next, it describes the impact of the Russian Revolution and the formative years of the Soviet Socialist state on the political situation in pre-Civil War Spain, including the ideological links between the political situations of both countries. In pre-Civil War Spain, the revolutionary atmosphere changed the mood, subject matter and style of literature, and certain writers, recognizing their civic duty, began to produce literature that had a socially critical and didactic role. During that period, given the political context and the development of politically committed literature, Spanish intellectuals and artists of a Marxist persuasion derived incentive from their Russian counterparts. Russian literature has traditionally been the forum for social criticism, and has had a profoundly revolutionary dimension. Pre-revolutionary writers such as Dostoevsky and Andreev have been perceived by outsiders as revolutionary writers, and, in that capacity, have enjoyed great popularity abroad, including Spain. In the Soviet era, Mayakovsky was often considered to be the "Poet of the Revolution", and Gorky was the chief spokesman in the promotion of socialist ideals in literature in the twenty years following the Revolution. In Spanish pre-Civil War fiction, both the social novel and poetry were instrumental in conveying overtly Marxist messages. The thesis concludes with a comprehensive study about certain Spanish writers and their works, in the domains of poetry and the novel, specifically seeking evidence of the impact of the literature and ideology which was emanating from Russia in the first third of the twentieth century.
2003
2018-06-27T12:20:18Z
2018-06-27T12:20:18Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14655
en
application/pdf
331 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/152612019-04-01T09:05:26Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Where angels fear to tread : a tentative study of the language of prehistoric Basque
Macalister, Robin O.
PH5024.M2
Basque language--History
This work is an investigation into the possible age of part of the lexical content of the Basque language-today a linguistic isolate in the western Pyrenees. It examines firstly the chronological development of the various fanciful and contradictory theories as to the origins and antiquity of the Basques and their unique tongue with the aim of dismissing these ideas in favour of the prevalent local or Indigenista theory about their origins. Secondly, by combining linguistics and prehistory, with the archaeological and anthropological background of the region, this work endeavours to uncover possible traces of the pre-metal ages i.e. the Neolithic, Mesolithic and even further back, the Upper Palaeolithic in the roots of the present day vocabulary of Basque. Archaeologically, there is as yet no concrete evidence which would suggest any sizeable migration into the Franco-Cantabrian zone of foreign peoples who could have brought the Basque language or something of it with them and this is fundamental to the whole argument. As long as there is a lack of archaeological or anthropological proof of any new arrivals into the region strong enough both numerically and culturally to have been capable of imposing a new language onto the native Western Pyrenean people, then the idea that something of the various -lithic ages in the area could still remain embedded in the lower lexical strata of the Basque tongue today could possibly have some foundation. Admittedly, the immense time-span involved in this argument together with the absence of written records as regards prehistory constitute the main source of criticism of this theory yet the survival of the Basques and their language today testifies to their ability to absorb outside influences and still retain the basic character and structure of their pastoral society which itself is thought to date right back to the Neolithic Pyrenean Culture of the region.
1984-07
2018-07-11T14:15:08Z
2018-07-11T14:15:08Z
Thesis
Masters
MPhil Master of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15261
en
application/pdf
124 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/29212019-04-01T09:05:27Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
A critical edition of Kitab Raf' shan al-hubshan by Jalal al-din al-Suyuti
al-Khathlan, Saud H.
Burton, John
PJ7760.S8R2K5
Suyūtī, Abd al-Rahmān. Raf' shān al-hubshān
The edition is based on nine manuscripts. The work deals with the
virtues of noble Abyssinians and is based on the earlier work by ibn al-Jawzi
which it partly extends.
The Arabic writings on the black races are reviewed from the beginnings
of the genre to works influenced by Suyuti. Attention is therefore
particularly given to Suyuti's predecessors and successors from the 2nd to
the 11th centuries with special reference to the relations between Suyuti's
work and that of ibn al-Jawzi.
The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is the English
introduction which consists of four chapters with the conclusions placed after
Chapter Three.
The first chapter deals with the works relevant to al-sudan and the
Abyssinians. First, the two terms "al-Habashah" and "al-Sudan" are briefly
discussed in an attempt to define their usage. The second chapter, which is
a critical study of Kitab Raf Shan al-Hubshan, is divided into six sections,
in the last section of which it will be shown how this book was more popular
than ibn al-Jawzi's work' on which it was dependent. The third chapter
provides biographical detail of al-Suyuti's life with some comments on the
number of his works. The fourth chapter contains the description of the
manuscripts and editing principles. Finally, the bibliography is provided
at the end of this part.
The second part consists of the list of works cited in the footnotes
of the Arabic Text, the list of abbreviations used in these footnotes, the
conventional signs used in the Text, the Text, and the indexes.
1983
2012-07-04T13:17:39Z
2012-07-04T13:17:39Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2921
en
application/pdf
516
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/29002019-04-01T09:05:29Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
An edition of 'Nasha'at al-Sulafah bi Munsha'at al-Khilafah' by 'Abd al-Qadir al-Tabari
Urainan, Hamad Mohammed
Jackson, D. E. P.
PJ7765.T2U8
1972
2012-07-03T08:03:31Z
2012-07-03T08:03:31Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2900
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
1013
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/145392019-04-01T09:05:30Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The origins of Slavonic : language contact and language change in ancient eastern Europe and western Eurasia
Brackney, Noel C.
Pugh, Stefan M.
PG45.B8
Slavic languages--History
Linguistic change
This thesis attempts to analyze the causes and mechanisms of the dissolution of the language ancestral to the modern Slavonic languages. Recent advances in the field of archaeology have cast traditional theories of the Indo-Europeanization of Europe into doubt; specifically, consensus has been growing that the Indo-European languages arrived in Europe several millennia earlier than previously thought, accompanying the introduction of agriculture into Anatolia, the Aegean, and the Balkan peninsula at the end of the Neolithic period. This stands in contrast to the conventional premise that Proto-Indo-European was introduced during the Bronze Age by nomadic tribes from the steppes north of the Caucasus mountains. Acceptance of the former model requires significant adjustment in the chronology of the break-up of Indo-European unity. In addition, it necessitates the adjustment of current theories of the origin and spread of change within a language. We have attempted to address this issue by the proposal of a framework of language evolution incorporating the Utterance-Based Theory of Selection and the Punctuated Equilibrium Model. Both of these models rely on research in the field of sociolinguistics, and stress the role of external factors in the development of languages. Our tentative conclusion was that there exists a concrete and dynamic relationship between catastrophic historical events and episodes of profound change in the structure of a language. The body of this thesis is composed of historical, archaeological, and linguistic evidence, which substantiates this claim.
2004
2018-06-25T12:56:56Z
2018-06-25T12:56:56Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14539
en
application/pdf
viii, 321 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/70902019-04-01T09:05:31Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The phonematics, phonotactics and para-phonotactics of southern Standard British English
El-Shakfeh, Fawzi
Hervey, Sandor G. J.
PE1135.E6
As the title indicates, this thesis is concerned with a
thorough investigation of the "phonematic", "phonotactic" and
"para-phonotactic" sub-systems of Southern Standard British
English from the view-point of the theory of Axiomatic
Functionalism.
Like a sonata, this work is divided into three PARTS, and
each PART is divided into a number of Chapters. Some of the
Chapters are further divided into yet smaller Sections for
simplicity reasons. [Only transcribed in part due to abstract length].
1987
2015-07-31T11:40:11Z
2015-07-31T11:40:11Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
uk.bl.ethos.378936
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7090
en
application/pdf
751
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/129872021-02-08T10:27:55Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Subsective gradience in 2nd participles : an aspectual approach to adjectival passives and attributive participles in English
Aljohani, Samirah
Beedham, Christopher
Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia (Great Britain). Cultural Bureau
Jāmiʻat Ṭaybah
Verbal passive
Adjectival passive
Subsective gradience
Obligatory modification
Attributive participles
Attributive function
Aspect
Telicity
BNC
Corpus methodology
Lexical aspect
State
Interpretation of attributive participles
Transitivity
Un-prefixation
Method of exceptions and their correlations
P299.P4A65
English language--Passive voice
English language--Participle
This study investigates the adjectival passive, in accordance with Beedham’s (2005, 1982) analysis of the passive as an aspect, with the caveat that telicity is an optimal, not sufficient, condition. The affinity of the adjectival passive with attributive participles and the existence of implicit agents in adjectival passives has divided opinion amongst linguists. The thesis deploys grammaticality judgment questionnaires surveying 1043 2nd participles and a corpus-based study investigating 1035 2nd participles. A subsective gradience (Aarts 2007, 2006, 2004) is modelled on five morpho-syntactic properties of 2nd participles: attributive function without modification, attributive function with modification, adjectival, verbal and prepositional passive, measuring formally the ability of 2nd participles to function like adjectives.
The thesis consists of seven chapters. Chapter one introduces the research questions, adjectival passives and theoretical background. Chapter two reviews the aspect analysis, telicity, offers a qualification, and sets the theoretical approach. Chapter three is about the data and methodology. Chapter four discusses the affinity between adjectival passive and attributive participles. Chapter five discusses subsective gradience. Chapter six discusses the implications of the findings. Chapter seven gives a summary and conclusion.
The empirical findings in our study provide further evidence in support of a subsective gradience in 2nd participles indicative of how ‘adjectival’ a participle can be, on a continuum or gradient ranging from ‘verby’ 2nd participles – relatively low compatibility with adjectival properties – to very adjectival 2nd participles. 2nd participles in this study are shown to have an inherent meaning of ‘action + state’. 2nd participles which form adjectival passives function attributively and form verbal passives. However, a 2nd participle functioning attributively does not entail that it will form an adjectival passive. There is evidence that attributive un- participles can host manner adverbials. It was also found that the interpretation of attributive participles goes beyond a simple passive/perfect dichotomy, and there are cases whereby a 2nd participle modifies an NP that is not an argument of the corresponding verb. This study makes a contribution to the wider analysis of the adjectival passive and provides further support for the similarity between adjectival and verbal passives.
"Thanks are also due to Taibah University, which funded me throughout my PhD studies." -- Acknowledgements
2018-01-23
2018-03-21T17:11:55Z
2018-03-21T17:11:55Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12987
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-12987
en
2028-02-02
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Electronic copy, (excluding appendices 13 and 14), restricted until 2nd February 2028
application/pdf
application/pdf
xiii, 423 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/26422019-04-01T09:05:32Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
An axiomatic functionalist analysis of the phonology of Yulu
Gabjanda, James Dahab
Mulder, J. W. F.
PL8825.G2
Yulu language--Phonology
Functionalism (Linguistics)
This thesis is concerned with the description of Yulu, a language
which has not previously been subjected to modern linguistic analysis.
Thus this thesis has two important aspects. Firstly, however remote a
Language, its description adds a valuable contribution to linguistic
knowledge. Secondly, its description tests the validity of linguistic
theories in general and the theory used in this work in particular; as
a linguist should not only be able to describe one universal but any
number of parallel universes of speech-phenomena, namely different
languages or dialects or even idiolects. Since the theory has been instrumental
in describing the phonological system of Yulu in a consistent
and adequate manner, it has once again proved its usefulness as a 'general' linguistic
theory. The theory applied is that of Professor J. W. F. Mulder and is a sub-component of his 'Axiomatic Functionalist Linguistics'.
This thesis is divided into three parts. Part I, dealing with the
theoretical background, comprises twelve chapters, of which the first
four provide an introduction to the basic principles of axiomatic
functionalism. The remaining eight chapters introduce the theoretical
notions of phonological theory and analysis as practised by axiomatic
functionalists. Chapter I deals with the axiomatic functionalist principle
of maintaining a strict distinction between the linguistic theory,
linguistic descriptions, and the speech-phenomena and also with the basic
criteria for evaluating both the linguistic theory and linguistic
descriptions. Chapter II, dealing with the 'hypothetico-deductive Method',
explains the philosophical principles underlying the axiomatic functionalist
approach, Chapter III deals with 'The origin and scope of the theory'.
Chapter IV explains the definition of 'language' as "a semiotic system
with a 'double articulation'" (Mulder 1968). Chapter V covers 'The domain
of phonology'; Chapter VI 'The notion "phoneme" as defined in axiomatic
functionalism'; Chapter VIII 'The "abstract" approach to phonology';
Chapter VIII is concerned with 'Identity and distinctive function of
a phoneme'; Chapter IX with 'Phonematics'; Chapter X with 'Neutralization'
and 'archiphoneme'; Chapter XI with 'phonemes and their realizations
(allophony)'; and Chapter XII with 'Phonotactics’.
Part II, consists of one basic chapter, and is intended to give
general background information about Yulu - the language whose phonological
analysis we are concerned with in this thesis.
Part III, dealing with the actual phonological analysis consists of
five chapters. Chapter I deals with 'The phonemes of Yulu and their
realizations'; Chapter II 'Neutralization' and 'Concord'; Chapter III
'Classificatory calculus in Yulu'; Chapter IV 'Phonotactic distribution
in Yulu'; and Chapter V 'The tones of Yulu'.
1976
2012-06-05T11:07:42Z
2012-06-05T11:07:42Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2642
en
application/pdf
230
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/212672023-06-22T02:04:38Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Dr. Edmund Castell, 1606-1685 : a collection of letters and documents illustrating the misfortunes of Edmund Castell during the production of his Heptaglot Lexicon, mainly transcribed from his cipher-writings
Zamick, Morris
PJ534.C2Z2
“My object is to present a series of documents illustrating the troubled life of Dr Edmund Castell, one-time chief assistant editor of the ‘London Polyglot’, in its time an epoch-making work of scholarship in Eastern Learning in England, and later editor of his own ‘Heptaglot Lexicon’. Without stepping into realms of scholarship from which I am excluded by lack of linguistic equipment, I have tried to place before the account of Castell’s life, and the unpublished letters which are here edited, some historical matter, which is not derived from my own insight into the history of Eastern Learning in the Seventeenth Century, but towards which I have attempted to make my own slight and necessarily superficial contribution. I am not able, therefore, rightly to estimate anew the range and depth of Castell’s erudition, nor the erudition of any other scholar whose name I have mentioned.
Instead, nevertheless, of reiterating the sufficient and moving narrative of the ‘Dictionary of National Biography’, I have furnished as complete (and practically new) a body of biographical material as my researches have permitted, and which I believe is exhaustive. A great number of these documents being originally in shorthand or cypher, I have done my best to provide an adequate transliteration of what was virtually a secret-writing. From these and supplementary sources I have brought together some information concerning particular aspects of Castell’s life and his experiences while he completed his life’s work…” – From the Preface.
1933
2021-01-12T16:30:07Z
2021-01-12T16:30:07Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/21267
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/15
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
465, 772 p.
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/189652020-07-24T07:19:05Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Forging diplomacy abroad and at home : French festival culture in a European context, 1572-1615
Van Leuveren, Bram
Prest, Julia
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
University of St Andrews. 7th century Scholarship
University of St Andrews. International Student Hardship Fund
This doctoral thesis is the first to examine the attempts of the late Valois and early Bourbon
rulers
of
France
to
make
strategic
use
of
festival
culture
for
maintaining
national
and
international
relations.
It
focuses
on
the
period
between
the
Anglo-French
Treaty
of
Blois
in
1572
and
the
Habsburg-Bourbon
double
marriage
in
1615.
This
research
starts
from
the
premise
that
previous
scholarship
has
given
too
much
credence
to
royal
accounts
of
festive
and ceremonial events, as printed in official commemorative books, and has
tended to ignore the conflicting responses of various other players (ambassadors, nobles,
generals, scholars, students, and, occasionally, commoners) who attended these events
and often advanced very different ambitions, goals, and interests. It seeks in particular to
gain a fuller grasp of the reception of festival culture by comparing the intended effects
of the ideas, tools, and strategies that French rulers employed with the actual effects they
had on stakeholders. Its main concerns are thus twofold: first, the relationship, and frequent
tension,
between
the theories
and
practices
of
using
festivals
and individual
festivities
for
alleged
diplomatic
purposes,
and
second,
the
way
in which
both formal
festivals
and
ad-hoc
festivities
functioned
as
sites
where
multiple
domestic
and
foreign
concerns
intersected
with
or,
more
often,
diverged
from,
as
well
as
among,
each
other.
The
thesis
adopts
a comparative approach to the topic, analysing pairs of festivals alongside one
another and comparing different accounts of those festivals. It draws extensively on a
wide range of contemporary sources, many of them previously overlooked, including formal
and informal eyewitness accounts, theoretical treatises, and memoirs written in
French, English, Dutch, Italian, German, and Latin. What the thesis demonstrates is how
both non-French and unofficial sources can help develop a more nuanced view of French
festival culture and its diplomatic functioning in a wider European context.
2019-06-27
2019-11-20T15:01:13Z
2019-11-20T15:01:13Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18965
en
2024-05-10
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 10th May 2024
266 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/271942023-03-17T03:05:59Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Paul Valéry's politics of hesitation : Europe, myth and the voice of the other
Seixas, Joao
Evans, David Elwyn
Laugt, Elodie Roseline
Paul Valéry
Aesthetics
Politics
Europe
Sovereignty
Subjectivity
Narcissus
Faust
Hesitation
Democracy
PQ2643.A26Z5S4
Valéry, Paul, 1871-1945--Criticism and interpretation
Valéry, Paul, 1871-1945--Aesthetics
This thesis studies Paul Valéry's idea of literary practice and how it relates to the political. To this end, it explores his engagement with the myths of Narcissus and Faust. Valéry is a thinker who contemplates the autonomy of poetical language, the modes of circulation of language in society, and the act of writing itself. The thesis holds that the crux of the political meaning of his art is that literary discourse is open-ended (he calls it the 'aesthetic infinite') and, therefore, less authoritarian than other types of discourse. It can be seen as a democratic exercise of multiple points of view – a space of hesitation. The literary strategies that Valéry employs seek to manage the co-existence of the signifying and formal resources of language (sound and sense, discourse and fiction, voice and thought, being and convention). This exercise, the thesis argues, seems to establish a reciprocal implication of aesthetics and politics, turning the poet into a kind of sovereign that is in charge of language. For Valéry, the main dilemma of his time is the increasing gap between the concepts used in politics and those used by modern science. For him, this is what the crisis of Europe is about, the most worrying consequence of which is authoritarianism. The thesis argues that Valéry's task is to re-imagine a Europe which has to remain a project in order to be what it is, necessarily hesitating. Like a poem, it can always be re-worked, with no end in view. A rediscovery of this dimension of Valéry's thought can prove fruitful today, as questions about what it means to be European are back in vogue, and as national populism seems to be re-emerging across the continent. The thesis mostly places the primary corpus (Valéry's written oeuvre) in dialogue with a body of more contemporary theoretical work (notably by Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Nancy – to a lesser extent by Giorgio Agamben, Jacques Rancière and others). It identifies in Valéry’s work a series of preoccupations no less relevant to the concerns of the contemporary world than they were when formulated by the author in the half-century preceding 1945 – thereby achieving the objective of the project, that of ‘defrosting’ Valéry, echoing the call of Régis Debray (décongeler Valéry).
2022-06-17
2023-03-16T11:02:25Z
2023-03-16T11:02:25Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/27194
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/348
en
2027-04-26
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Restricted until 26th April 2027
application/pdf
application/msword
239
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/119472017-10-30T14:23:02Zcom_10023_108com_10023_29col_10023_110col_10023_874
Journeys beyond binaries : storytelling and polyphony in the narratives of Gabriella Ghermandi, Igiaba Scego, Ubax Cristina Ali Farah and Amara Lakhous
Prisco, Mario
Riccobono, Rossella
PQ4867.H385Z5P8
Ghermandi, Gabriella, 1965---Criticism and interpretation.
Scego, Igiaba, 1974---Criticism and interpretation.
Ali Farah, Cristina, 1973---Criticism and interpretation.
Lakhous, Amara, 1970---Criticism and interpretation.
Narration (Rhetoric).
Italian fiction--21st century--History and criticism.
In the last two decades, in media and political discourses, Italianness has been increasingly represented as a homogeneous and compact entity, which is intruded on and contaminated by immigrants. In this study, the binary opposition between Italians and migrants is investigated from the perspective of writers who inhabit a liminal space, between at least two cultures, with the main intent to problematize the binary itself and to show its nature of fabrication. On the basis of Said’s contrapuntal method, the novels by Ghermandi, Scego, Ali Farah and
Lakhous are thought to establish a counterpoint with dominant discourses about Italianness.
With the firm belief that discourses about postcolonial Italy must address its colonial past, the works analysed are considered as in dialogue with both colonial and postcolonial discourses.
A dialogical relation is established, within the study, between Ghermandi’s Regina di
fiori e di perle and Flaiano’s Tempo di uccidere. Written from the perspectives of the colonized and the colonizers respectively, both novels unveil colonial crimes and faults in Ethiopia, thus being counter-narratives about official representations of Italian colonialism. In
Scego’s Rhoda and Oltre Babilonia and Ali Farah’s Madre piccolo, like threads, the individual stories of Somali exiles intertwine to create a fabric, whose pattern reveals the importance of the legacy of colonialism within contemporary Italy. Mainly situated between Italian and Somali cultures, the protagonists experience traumas, suffering and loss but finally attain a contrapuntal awareness between the two cultural poles. They become conscious of how enriching their in-between position is; they affirm the value of their hybrid identity. With a further zoom into postcolonial Italy, Lakhous’ Scontro di civiltà per un ascensore a piazza Vittorio and Divorzio all’islamica a viale Marconi analyse the binary ‘us-Italians’ versus ‘thosemigrants’ in two microcosms in Rome. General polarizations such as Islam and the West emerge as factors which are exploited in order to exacerbate tensions and divisions. In addition, Italianness appears to be an internally fragmented entity, which is imagined as compact and homogeneous, as a reaction to the influx of immigrants. Against any logic of binarism, the novels by Ghermandi, Scego, Ali Farah and Lakhous reveal the constant effort to create a passage between two poles and to uphold a dialogical relation between them; crossings over and hybridity are continuously affirmed. With their highly important affirmation of multiplicity, the works challenge any essentializing notion of identity and any narrow representation of Italianness, within multiethnic contemporary Italy.
2015-10
2017-10-30T14:19:23Z
2017-10-30T14:19:23Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11947
en
2020-10-30
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 30th October 2020
196 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/243152023-06-12T08:23:48Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The linguistic construction of heroes and villains in the English-language press of Malawi : from totalitarianism to democracy, 1964-2012
Shame, Edith Chimwemwe
Chimombo, Moira
Beedham, Christopher
University of Malawi
University of St Andrews
Scotland Malawi Partnership
Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the United Kingdom
PN5499.M2L33S5
English newspapers--Malawi--Language
Heroes in mass media
Villains in mass media
Malawi--Politics and government--20th century
Malawi--Politics and government--21st century
Using the conceptual metaphors of ‘hero’ and ‘villain’, the study argues that identities
of Malawian presidents are not objective socio-constructs but dependent on political
systems and newspaper ideology. Anchored theoretically in Critical Discourse
Analysis and using analytical tools from Hallidayan Grammar and Text Grammar, the
study investigated how lexical, syntactical and textual devices were used in the news
to construct the identities of three former Malawian Presidents: Dr. H.K. Banda, Dr. B.
E. Muluzi, and Dr. B. Mutharika. News articles from two political systems were
selected: (1) the totalitarian system of government, with only state controlled
newspapers available; (2) the democratic system of government, with a pluralistic and
independent press. Linguistic forms used in the totalitarian era indicate covert
strategies of censorship which restrain the construction of the President as a villain.
Hence, the identity of the President is solid and stable. In the democratic era linguistic
forms previously absent in the construction of the President’s identity such as
descriptivisation using wh-clauses are used to emphasize heroism or villainy
depending on newspapers’ political affiliations. Identities are multifaceted and fluid.
However, the relationship between forms amenable to ideological manipulation and
meaning is not fixed and linguistic choices are not only governed by political
ideologies. Evidence on Theme/Rheme choices and topicalisation indicates that
linguistic choices are systematic but complex in nature. The role of the Critical
Discourse Analysts thus has to evolve from mere tagging of fixed functions on forms
to an open and more holistic approach, in which genre, style, and context are
important ingredients to the interpretation of discourse.
2016-02-01
2021-11-11T15:10:50Z
2021-11-11T15:10:50Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/24315
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/147
en
2026-12-20
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Electronic copy restricted until 20th December 2026
xxiii, 413 p.
The University of St Andrews
University of Malawi
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/73252020-09-19T02:03:55Zcom_10023_102com_10023_29col_10023_104col_10023_874
Genres instables : ludic performances of autofiction in the works of Catherine Cusset, Philippe Vilain, Chloé Delaume and Éric Chevillard
Fraser, Morven
Hugueny-Léger, Élise
Hutton, Margaret-Anne
Gapper Foundation
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
Autofiction
Genre
Ludic
Performance
Delaume
Chevillard
Cusset
Vilain
Gender
Body
Intertextuality
Stereotypes
Selfhood
PQ637.A96F8
Autobiographical fiction
Delaume, Chloé, 1973-
Chevillard, Éric
Cusset, Catherine, 1963-
Vilain, Philippe
Autofiction has been the subject of much critical investigation in France, yet little of this theory extends to contemporary texts. Furthermore, autofictional theory has, until now, neglected the study of ludic performance – an important feature within the genre –, and this thesis contributes to filling this gap in criticism. Through this analysis, I establish the genre’s construction as well as the constitution of the autobiographical persona in the autofictional texts of four authors. I argue that in order for autofiction to
be considered as a genre, ludic strategies and autofictional personae are critical factors in the genre’s construction. I build on previous scholarship of autofiction before
discussing the performance of autobiographical personae producing an autofictional body in the works of four contemporary French writers: Catherine Cusset, Philippe Vilain, Chloé Delaume and Éric Chevillard. Each author is analysed in a dedicated chapter exploring their autofictional œuvres, yielding three key trends. These are: the proliferation of intertextual references, ludic representations of the genre, and the creation of an autofictional body by the
reader through autofictional personae. In each chapter I examine the construction of
these personae, revealing a separation between selfhood constructed in language and
questions of the body, both of the autofictional personae as well as characters within the text. Other characters within the texts expose complex constructions of gender that range from a rejection of male characters to the homogenisation of female characters reduced to stereotypes. Depictions of the intimate sphere within autofiction, including relationships and gendered constructs, are analysed in order to situate autofiction as a genre. Through the discussion of autofictional personae pivotal in this conception of autofiction, this thesis posits that representations of the body – within and beyond language – are the key to understanding autofictional performances.
2015-11-30
2015-08-25T14:21:36Z
2015-08-25T14:21:36Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7325
en
application/pdf
228 p.
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/202812021-07-27T09:47:11Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Arrivals in Rome : entangling and disorientating the city in contemporary art and text
Crabtree, Eleanor
Bond, Emma
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
Transnational
Postcolonial
Intermedial
Interdisciplinary
Rome
Contemporary Italy
Modern languages
Autotheory
Entanglement
Street art
Public art
Cities
Memory
Ancient Rome
JV8139.Z6R7C8
Immigrants--Italy--Rome
Transnationalism and the arts--Italy
Postcolonialism and the arts--Italy.
Rome (Italy)--Emigration and immigration
Rome (Italy)--Ethnic relations
Rome (Italy)--In literature
This thesis explores heterogeneous forms of trans-national arrival in Rome as they are encapsulated by contemporary creative practices. The arrivals include those of ‘first’ and ‘second’ generation migrant writers (Methnani, Garane, Scego, Ali Farah, Lakhous) and those of non-Italian artists invited to carry out work in the city (Kentridge, Weems, FischerelSani). The final chapter explores how more local border-crossing positionalities from the city’s peripheries, as encapsulated by the street art movement Pinacci Nostri, intersect with these other arrivals. By foregrounding contemporary and historical trans- national trajectories to and from Rome, the creative practices discussed entangle the city with a far more expansive geography than traditional Western conceptualisations of space and time suggest. In their definition of eurocentrism, Shohat and Stam pinpoint Rome as an important reference point for such conceptualisations emerging from the ‘normal view of history’ which projects a ‘linear historical trajectory’ leading from Ancient Greece, via Rome, to the West (Unthinking Eurocentrism, pp. 1–2). Interpretations of Rome in contemporary creative practices demonstrate the difficulties in the contemporary age of thinking spatialities (and the histories from which they emerge) as contained within national borders, or even within ‘direct’ colonial relations. Exploring how each of the creative practices in some way reveals a concern for the legacy of the Ancient Roman Empire against the backdrop of the postcolonial present, this thesis shows how Rome may contribute as an important reference point for developing theories capable of describing the trans-national present.
While analysing how creative practices offer readers/viewers ideas about Rome that go against eurocentric ways of thinking space and history, this thesis identifies the qualities of creative expression which facilitate this agency. Turning attention to questions of trans-national positionality and cultural agency also entails critically reflecting on the role of the Modern Languages researcher in exploring such a phenomenon. By drawing on writing methodologies that foreground the researcher in the first person, this thesis experiments with how this subjective positionality can itself serve as a vital theoretical tool to further enquiry.
2020-07-30
2020-07-17T15:04:39Z
2020-07-17T15:04:39Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/20281
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-20281
en
2025-05-18
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 18th May 2025
xvi, 302 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/29032019-04-01T09:05:33Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
A critical edition of Ru'us al-masa'il by al-Zamakhshari (d. 538 A.H. / 1144)
Muhammad, Abdul Halim bin
Burton, John
PJ7755.R8M8
This thesis consists of two parts. The first part deals with
an introduction which is divided into five chapters,
Chapter one provides, general information on the MS, the copyist
and the orthography. The date and purpose of composition of the
work is also discussed, and the critical apparatus explained.
Chapter two concerns the authorship and outlines briefly the
author's career. The discussion involves the author's name, family,
education, his teachers, his pupils and his other works. The date
of his death is also ascertained.
Chapter three deals with the place of the Ru'uss al-Masa’il
type in literature, and consists of a review of works of similar
title. Confirmation of the authorship of the present work, and
comparison of this work with other similar works results in
showing its significance and in illustrating the attitude of the
author on matters dealt with on Fiqh.
A historical survey of the development of Ikhtilaf literature
and the beginnings of the science of al-Khilafiyyat have been
discussed in chapter four.
Finally, chapter five deals with the classical theory of Usul
and its application in the Ikhtilaf literature which is followed
by a brief conclusion.
The second part presents the Text. This contains 407 rulings under
62 titles and sub-titles which deal with different subjects
ranging from ritual, family law and penal law to the rulings on
food and drink.
The separate notes have been provided in order to show the
development of the Shafi’ite doctrines. An appendix is also provided
aiming to illustrate the development of Zamakhshari's ideas
on Fiqh.
1977
2012-07-03T08:45:57Z
2012-07-03T08:45:57Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2903
en
application/pdf
549
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/192402021-04-14T08:47:13Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Title redacted
Auladell Fauchs, Sergi
Larios, Jordi
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
DP302.C616A86
2019-12-04
2020-01-07T11:37:57Z
2020-01-07T11:37:57Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/19240
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-19240
en
2024-10-31
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 31st October 2024
344 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/217842021-08-14T09:52:47Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Ideology and resistance in Persian classical poetry : the case of Naser-e Khosrow
Evaz Malayeri, Salour
Talajooy, Saeed
Persian literature
Naser-e Khosrow
Ideology
Resistance
Discourse analysis
Counter-discourse
The Political
Shiism
Ismailism
Medieval literature
Determinism and free will
Political theology
PK6495.N3Z5E8
Nāsịr-i Khusraw, 1004-ca.1088--Criticism and interpretation
Persian poetry--History and criticism
Political poetry, Persian--History and criticism
Ideology--Iran--History
This research is an attempt to redefine the concepts of ideology and resistance for an Iranian context and analyse their reflections in the Divan of Nāser-e Khosrow (Ca. 1004-1076). Ideology in Persian studies has usually been treated as a belief system promoted by a group of people with political ambitions, and resistance as a conscious political protest organised to confront a political system. Such general definitions, however, have failed to give rise to an applicable methodology for analysing the relationship between the text and dominant power, mainly because the mutual impacts of ideology and resistance have rarely been considered.
Using the premises of the theory of ‘ideology critique’ and the method of ‘discourse analysis’, I define ideology as the totality of the undisputed and naturalised statements that justify a form of domination and hegemony. I also define resistance as discursive practices that disturb the symbolic order by challenging the common sense that has been established by the hegemonic discourse. To contextualise my study of ideology and resistance, I employ the concept of the political to analyse the construction of orthodoxy and political identity during the eleventh century Iran. I then examine the literary and theological themes of Nāser-e Khosrow’s Divan. I argue that though Nāser-e Khosrow stood against the Baghdad Caliphs and their Turkic allies in Khorasan and dedicated his life to promoting Ismailism as a new conception of truth, his poetry merged the emancipative aspects of Ismaili discourse with the deterministic statements of Persian literary tradition in ways that he ultimately failed to break away from the dominant epistemes of the time and reproduced the arbitrary and tyrannical structure of power.
2020-12-02
2021-04-07T10:24:54Z
2021-04-07T10:24:54Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/21784
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/56
en
2022-10-14
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 14th October 2022
238 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/27162019-04-01T09:05:35Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Aspects of a functional description of English morphology
Munla, Muhammad Salim
PE1306.M8
English language--Aspect
English language--Modality
1981
2012-06-11T09:50:27Z
2012-06-11T09:50:27Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2716
en
application/pdf
332
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/59552019-10-17T15:56:45Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The dynamics of literary translation : a case study from English to Persian
Emami, Mohammad
Sneddon, Clive R.
Luft, Paul
Translation studies
Translation universals
Systemic functional grammar
Discourse analysis
Corpus linguistics
DTS
Descriptive translation studies
Corpus-based translation studies
P306.2E62
Translating and interpreting
English language--Translating
Short stories, American--Translations into Persian
Linguistic universals
This thesis aims to elucidate the translation process by devising a way of retrieving evidence of this process from its output. It further aims to assess the claims made by some scholars concerning the possible existence of Translation Universals. In order to isolate the interaction of texts and contexts, a corpus of American short stories was created, with their translations into Persian published after the 1979 Revolution. Three complementary methodologies gave a rounded picture: (1) Corpus-based Descriptive Translation Studies; (2) The pragmatic and rhetorically-based approach of Thinking Translation devised at St Andrews; and (3) The analytical framework mostly established by Halliday in his Systemic Functional Grammar. Approaching the process of translation in the specific order devised in this thesis provided four vantage points to analyse the data in a systematic way from linguistic, discourse, cultural and literary views before reaching what are at once the most personal and most characteristic aspects of a translator’s work. The research begins with a literature review of the field and an account of linguistic constraints and of all Translation Universals hypothesised so far, followed by an extensive analysis of data in two consecutive chapters. With reference to the choices made in this corpus, it is discussed in the Conclusions chapter that most of the Translation Universals so far claimed are not in fact universal. It is the role of the translator which has emerged as the determining factor in producing a translated text, and thus as the key to resolving the issues explored in this thesis. It seems there are no constraints beyond the translator’s reach, and there are no parameters which do not involve the translator, who introduces his or her own choices, or manipulates certain parameters. Only when they have done so, will the translation, as both process and product, be accomplished.
2014-12-01
2014-12-23T16:07:29Z
2014-12-23T16:07:29Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5955
en
2024-10-13
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 13th October 2024
xviii, 235 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/69122021-04-16T02:06:19Zcom_10023_105com_10023_29col_10023_107col_10023_874
The emergence of post-hybrid identities : a comparative analysis of national identity formations in Germany’s contemporary hip-hop culture
Munderloh, Marissa K.
Gratzke, Michael
Identity
Hip-hop
Hybridity
Germany
Contemporary
Culture
NX180.S6M8
Hip-hop--Germany
Popular culture--Germany
Group identity--Germany
Cultural fusion
This thesis examines how hip-hop has become a meaningful cultural movement for contemporary artists in Hamburg and in Oldenburg. The comparative analysis is guided by a three-dimensional theoretical framework that considers the spatial, historical and social influences, which have shaped hip-hop music, dance, rap and graffiti art in the USA and subsequently in the two northern German cities. The research methods entail participant observation, semi-structured interviews and a close reading of hip-hop’s cultural texts in the form of videos, photographs and lyrics. The first chapter analyses the manifestation of hip-hop music in Hamburg. The second chapter looks at the local adaptation of hip-hop’s dance styles. The last two chapters on rap and graffiti art present a comparative analysis between the art forms’ appropriation in Hamburg and in Oldenburg.
In comparing hip-hop’s four main elements and their practices in two distinct cities, this research project expands current German hip-hop scholarship beyond the common focus on rap, especially in terms of rap being a voice of the minority. It also offers insights into the ways in which artists express their local, regional or national identity as a culturally hybrid state, since hip-hop’s art forms have always been the result of cultural and artistic mixture. The theoretical focus on spatiality, historicality and sociality moreover reveals different and even contradicting manifestations of cultural hybridity and identity in hip-hop. In particular, this thesis looks at the formation of post-hybrid identities, with which hip-hop artists aim at expressing their multiculturality as an inherent part of their life in Germany.
2016-06-25
2015-07-06T13:32:55Z
2015-07-06T13:32:55Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6912
en
application/pdf
iv, 216 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/138372023-12-15T03:08:34Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Literary, political and historical approaches to Virgil's Aeneid in early modern France
Kay, Simon Michael Gorniak
Herdman, Emma
Buckley, Emma
University of St Andrews. 600th Anniversary Scholarship
Virgil
Aeneid
Ronsard
Franciade
D'Aubigne
Tragiques
Du Bartas
La Sepmaine
La Seconde Sepmaine
Lucan
Pharsalia
Vegio
Maffeo
Vegius
Mapheus
Supplementum
Thirteenth Book
Antoniad
Civil war
Wars of Religion
Early modern France
Sixteenth century France
Translation
Huguenots
Catholic
Epic
Anti-epic
PQ239.K2
Virgil. Aeneis
Virgil--Influence
Virgil--Translations into French--History and criticism
Virgil--Appreciation--France--History--16th century
French literature--16th century
France--Intellectual life--16th century
Politics and literature--Europe--History--16th century
This thesis examines the increasing sophistication of sixteenth-century French literary engagement with Virgil’s Aeneid. It argues that successive forms of engagement with the Aeneid should be viewed as a single process that gradually adopts increasingly complex literary strategies. It does this through a series of four different forms of literary engagement with the Aeneid: translation, continuation, rejection and reconciliation. The increasing sophistication of these forms reflects the writers’ desire to interact with the original Aeneid as political epic and Roman foundation narrative, and with the political, religious and literary contexts of early modern France. The first chapter compares the methods of and motivations behind all of the sixteenth-century translations of the Aeneid into French; it thus demonstrates shifts in successive translators’ interpretations of Virgil’s work, and of its application to sixteenth-century France. The next three chapters each analyse adaptation of Virgil’s poem in a major French literary work. Firstly, Ronsard’s Franciade is analysed as an example of French foundation epic that simultaneously draws upon and rejects Virgil’s narrative. Ronsard’s poem is read in the light of Mapheo Vegio’s “Thirteenth Book” of the Aeneid, or Supplementum, which continues Virgil’s narrative and carries it over into a Christian context. Next, Agrippa d’Aubigné’s response to Virgilian epic in Les Tragiques is shown to have been mediated by Lucan’s Pharsalia and its anti- epic and anti-imperialist interpretation of the Aeneid. D’Aubigné’s inversion of Virgil is highlighted through comparison of attitudes to death and resurrection in Les Tragiques, the Aeneid and Vegio’s Antoniad. Finally, Guillaume de Salluste du Bartas’ combination, in La Sepmaine and La Seconde Sepmaine of the hexameral structure of Genesis with Virgil’s narrative of reconciliation after civil war is shown to represent the most sophisticated understanding of and most complex interaction with the Aeneid in sixteenth-century France.
2018-06-28
2018-06-08T09:02:34Z
2018-06-08T09:02:34Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13837
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-13837
en
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Embargo period has ended, thesis made available in accordance with University regulations
application/pdf
237 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/68122023-03-28T11:28:53Zcom_10023_102com_10023_29col_10023_104col_10023_874
Marriage and desire in seventeenth-century French comedy
Townshend, Sarah Elizabeth
Prest, Julia
Gapper Charitable Trust
Seventeenth century
French
Comedy
Molière
Corneille
Pascal
Quinault
Ulrich
de Visé
Desire
Widowhood
Cuckoldry
Marriage
Queer
PQ528.T7
French literature--17th century--History and criticism
Marriage in literature
French drama (Comedy)--History and criticism
Sex role in literature
Desire in literature
This thesis re-examines the role of marriage in the golden age of seventeenth-century French comedy. It reconsiders received wisdom on the subject to challenge acceptance
of the final promise of marriage as a dénouement complet to comedy. Through an analysis of the themes of discontent, cuckoldry, fertility, non-heteronormative desire and widowhood, it offers an alternative view of what comedy can encompass. Close reading of works by Molière, Quinault, (Thomas) Corneille, (Françoise) Pascal, Ulrich and de
Visé establishes that comedy can be both enjoyable and satisfying while incorporating
elements that conflict with the marriage ideal. This thesis does not attempt to provide a full socio-historical reading of seventeenth-century attitudes to marriage, although an understanding of contemporary attitudes provides a starting point for close textual analysis. Critical theories, notably gender theory, are used where appropriate to further clarify the role of marriage in comedy.
Chapter One presents and problematizes the framework of marriage as the structuring principle of comedy, drawing on themes of compatibility, discontent and desire. The second chapter focuses on anxiety regarding cuckoldry in comedy, relating it to the promise of marriage. An analysis of the desires of older characters in projected
comedic marriages, particularly as these desires relate to fertility, is the guiding
principle of Chapter Three, which also sets out essential terms of reference for the
fourth chapter on widowhood and queer desire. The thesis demonstrates that rather than constituting a satisfying and happy ending, a constant challenge is posed to the promise of marriage by on-stage marriages, fears of cuckoldry, widowhood, and ‘inappropriate’ or queer desires. I propose a more nuanced reading, showing that comedy can be fully satisfying and structurally complete without a final promise of marriage, and that, rather, comedy can incorporate significant elements that appear antithetical to the ideal of marriage typically associated with the genre.
2015-06-25
2015-06-12T09:37:11Z
2015-06-12T09:37:11Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6812
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-6812
en
application/pdf
220
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/27262019-04-01T09:05:36Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
A critical edition of `Akhbar Siffin'
Helabi, Abdul-Aziz Saleh
PJ7760.H3
Arabic literature--History and criticism
When I decided to produce an edition of Akhbar Siffin I discovered
four manuscripts dealing with the historical accounts of the Battle of
Siffin. The examination of these four manuscripts showed that they are
not the same work; two of them are different copies of Akhbar Siffin. They
are Ambrosiana H 129 and Borlin Q. U. 2040. The other two are different
copies of the work of Abu Muhammad, Ahmad b. A`tham al-Kufi entitled
Waq`at Siffin. They are Ankara, 'Saib 5418 and Mingana Collection,
Islam, Arab 572.
The next action was to compare the material of Akhbar Siffin with
the material of Ibn A`tham's Waq`at Siffin. I concluded that Akhbar
Siffin had more original material than Ibn A`tham's Waq`at Siffin and
accordingly I decided to edit it.
A study of the Ambrosiana Manuscript and the Berlin Manuscript of
Akhbar Siffin indicated that the edition would best be based upon the
Ambrosiana Manuscript because it has the fuller text and fewer mistakes
and gaps than the Berlin Manuscript.
The name of the author of Akhbar Siffin does not appear in either
of the two manuscripts, and there is no assistance from any other source
which may help in identifying him.
The introduction of this edition consists of two parts; a bibliographical
survey of the, works on the Battle of Siffin and analytical description
of the material and the manusoripts of Akhbar Siffin.
1974
2012-06-11T11:46:37Z
2012-06-11T11:46:37Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2726
en
application/pdf
668
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/29272019-04-01T09:05:37Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
The relationship between ilm and khabar in the work of al-Shafii
Shukri, Abdul Salam Muhammad
Kimber, R. A.
BP134.L2S9
Sha¯fiʻi¯, Muḥammad ibn Idri¯s, 767 or 8-820
This study examines in detail the basis of al-Shafi`i's arguments for the
supremacy of oral tradition over communal legal practice. It concentrates on one
broad issue, the definition of `ilm (knowledge) and one technical issue, the problem
of authenticating a particular khabar (oral tradition or report, plural akhbar, ) and its
binding nature, especially a report of the category known as the specialists' report
(khabar al-khassa). On the first issue, this study examines the concept of knowledge
based on reports (`ilm al-khabar) because it had an important influence on al-Shafi`i.
This is followed by a detailed account of al-Shafi`i's own discussion of `ilm. It brings
out clearly that al-Shafi`i means religious law when discussing `ilm. It also shows
how knowledge of religious law can be obtained. Al-Shafi`i's approach is to restrict
the argument to knowledge of specialised and debatable points, rather than what is
generally accepted. He seeks to prove the indispensability in this area of specialists'
knowledge of reliable documentation external to the law itself. The following chapter
deals with the question of authenticating a khabar from the Prophet (a hadith), not as
purely technical question but within a polemical context in which the practical
difficulty of authenticating a khabar was used by those opposed to the intellectual
dominance of oral tradition as a reason not to use the khabar. In the final chapter al-
Shaf i's arguments with two identifiable schools of opposing thought, ahl al-kaläm
and ahl al-figh, are examined in detail. The thesis as a whole gives a significant
insight into the efficacy and durability of al-Shafi`i's arguments, not so much by
defeating his opponents' arguments but by buttressing those of the defenders and
advocates of oral tradition.
1999
2012-07-04T14:53:26Z
2012-07-04T14:53:26Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2927
en
application/pdf
200
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/56672023-03-16T12:47:06Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
A social-psychological study of foreign learners' attitudes and behaviours towards model varieties of English speech
Carrie, Erin
Anipa, Kormi
Language attitudes
Language variation
Theory of planned behaviour
English pronunciation models
Language learning
Variety recognition
P118.2C2
Second language acquisition--Social aspects--Spain
English language--Study and teaching--Spain--Foreign speakers
English language--Pronunciation by foreign speakers
Social psychology
Sociolinguistics
Second language acquisition--Spain
This thesis attempts to bridge the gap between Social Psychology and Sociolinguistics by exploring the relationship between language attitudes and language use. Using a sample of 71 university students in Spain, it investigates how learners deal with phonological variation in the English language, what language attitudes are held towards American and British models of English speech and which social and psychological factors are linked with learners’ language attitudes and language use.
A social-psychological model was adopted and adapted, allowing learners’ use of intervocalic /t/ to be successfully predicted from measures of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control. Direct measures of learners’ preferred accent and pronunciation class were also highly predictive of learners’ language use.
Several trends were found in the attitudinal data. Firstly, British English speech was rated more favourably overall, though American English speech was often viewed as more socially attractive. Secondly, the evaluative dimensions of competence and social attractiveness were salient amongst learners in the Spanish context. Each of these findings endorses those of previous language attitude studies conducted elsewhere. Thirdly, female speakers were consistently rated more favourably than male speakers; thus, highlighting the need for further investigation into the variable of speaker sex.
Familiarity with the speech varieties under investigation – most often gained through education, media exposure, time spent abroad and/or contact with native speakers – seemed to result in learners challenging rigid stereotypes and expressing more individualised attitudes. Overall, British speech emerged as formal and functional, while American speech was thought to fulfil more informal and interpersonal functions.
This thesis provides compelling evidence of attitude-behaviour relations, adds to the growing volume of language attitude research being conducted across the globe, and establishes – for the first time – which social and psychological variables are relevant and salient within English-language learning contexts in Spain.
2014-12-01
2014-11-06T16:54:41Z
2014-11-06T16:54:41Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5667
https://doi.org/10.17630/10023-5667
en
application/pdf
361
The University of St Andrews
School of Modern Languages
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/276032023-11-06T13:58:34Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Responding to war : peace activism, WWI literature, and remembrance
Ostendorf, Thalia Isabelle
Laugt, Elodie Roseline
Reed, Adam
University of St Andrews. St Leonard's College Interdisciplinary Doctoral Scholarship
WWI remembrance
Peace activism
Canonicity
Critical and Uncritical Reading
WWI literature
Social anthropology
Modern languages
Comparative literature
Abductive ethnography
Interdisciplinary research
Machine Gun Corps Old Comrades’ Association (MGC/OCA)
Voices for Creative NonViolence (VCNV)
Henri Barbusse
Edmund Blunden
Erich Maria Remarque
Ernst Jünger
Vera Brittain
PN56.W66O8
Machine Gun Corps Old Comrades' Association--Case studies
Voices for Creative Non-Violence UK--Case studies
Memorialization--Great Britain
World War, 1914-1918--Great Britain--Influence
World War, 1914-1918--Great Britain--Literature and the war
This interdisciplinary thesis is based on six months of multi-sited fieldwork with the Machine Gun Corps Old Comrades’ Association (MGC/OCA) in the UK and Voices for Creative NonViolence (VCNV) in the UK and the US, and remote follow-up interviews (due to COVID-19 restrictions), as well as the analysis of a primary corpus of WWI literary texts (Under Fire: The Story of a Squad (1916) by Henri Barbusse; Undertones of War (1928) by Edmund Blunden; All Quiet on The Western Front (1929) by Erich Maria Remarque; Storm of Steel (1920) by Ernst Jünger; and Testament of Youth (1933) by Vera Brittain. Straddling the disciplines of Modern Languages and Social Anthropology this thesis proposes an interdisciplinary methodology through applying ‘abductive ethnography’ across both disciplines (Bacj 2012), drawing out the points of convergence at the same time as accounting for their specificities. Interacting with my interlocutors and my corpus of WWI texts through what Kermode (1988) calls the commentary on these canonical works, this thesis begins with ‘endings’ as a way of articulating different stories. Critically engaging with my own ‘multi-situated’ positionality (Sunder Rajan 2021), I allow the fieldwork to influence the literary analysis and my engagement with the texts to inform my fieldwork. The various narratives addressed in this thesis are brought together to explore and question what moves people to engage with war through remembrance and activism, and how these practices take shape. Drawing on various theoretical approaches, this uncovers the ways in which this research shows both remembrance and peace activism as engaging with the dead but nonetheless geared towards the future. I ultimately propose a notion of multi-sensorial (re)reading which leads to interpretation and action.
2023-06-16
2023-05-12T14:52:16Z
2023-05-12T14:52:16Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/27603
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/461
en
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
2024-05-11
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Restricted until 11th May 2024
application/pdf
application/msword
264
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/238932021-09-03T08:44:08Zcom_10023_1946com_10023_29col_10023_1948col_10023_874
Title redacted
Sonboldel, Farshad
Talajooy, Saeed
Trustees of the "E.J.W. Gibb Memorial"
"This work was partially supported by A. H. Morton Memorial Scholarship for Doctoral
Research in Classical Persian Studies; and the Gibb Centenary Scholarship by the Gibb
Memorial Trust [Registered Charity 228040]." -- Funding
2021-12-01
2021-09-03T07:06:47Z
2021-09-03T07:06:47Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/23893
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/130
en
2026-09-01
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 1st September 2026
278 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/276932023-05-30T02:05:59Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Irregular verbs in German, English and Swedish : vowel-consonant and consonant-vowel sequences, and the spling experiment
Catchpole, Benjamin Peter
Beedham, Christopher
Bergman, Ted Lars Lennart
P281.C28
Grammar, Comparative and general--Verb
German language--Verb
English language--Verb
Swedish language--Verb
Contrastive linguistics
The research embodied in this thesis is based on Saussurean structuralism, Beedham's 'method of exceptions and their correlations', corpus linguistics, Bybee & Moder's spling experiments and work on irregular verbs by Pinker, Tobin and Even-Simkin. We looked for rules and meaning in the irregular verbs of German, English and Swedish, employing Beedham's vowel-consonant (VC) and consonant-vowel (CV) analysis of irregular verbs in German, English and Russian, in which he claims that the VCs and CVs of irregular verbs, e.g. the -eib and the blei- of German bleiben, are markers of irregular conjugation, and that the German irregular verbs share the VCs of separable prefixes, indicating that irregular verbs are perfective.
We carried out a VC/CV experiment on Swedish, adding several refinements to Beedham's experiments, especially using a numerical threshold to arrive at a numerical measure of how many irregular verb VCs/CVs are markers of irregular conjugation. We found that 78% of Swedish irregular verbs have a VC and 87% have a CV which is a marker of irregular conjugation. We also discovered that an individual vowel and an individual consonant can be a marker of irregular conjugation.
We carried out spling experiments on German, English and Swedish, which we administered in Bonn, St Andrews and Stockholm. We presented participants with a set of invented verbs, e.g. English spling, and asked them to write down the preterit (past tense) of each verb. Going by current wisdom they should conjugate the verbs regularly, e.g. spling splinged. But unbeknown to the participants we had laced the verbs with a good dose of irregular verb VCs and CVs, and many participants conjugated many verbs irregularly, e.g. spling splang. These results corroborate the view that the VCs and CVs of the irregular verbs of German, English and Swedish are markers of irregular conjugation and meaning-bearing.
2022-06-17
2023-05-29T10:42:53Z
2023-05-29T10:42:53Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/27693
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/484
en
2032-02-14
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Restricted until 14th February 2032
application/pdf
application/zip
223
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/26352019-04-01T09:05:38Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Trends in modern morphology: a critical study
Suleiman, Muhammad Yasir Ibrahim Hammad
Mulder, J. W. F.
P241.S8
Grammar, Comparative and general--Morphology
In comparison with the fields of phonology, syntax, and
semantics, there is a distinct lack of a comprehensive and critical study
of morphological theory, particularly modern trends in this sub-branch
of linguistic theory. There is also a marked lack of interest in the
underlying methodological and epistemological foundations of
morphological theory, though this situation also holds for the three
other areas of core-linguistics mentioned above. The present thesis
has a modest aim: it is to give a critical and fairly comprehensive study
of five modern morphological approaches, with particular reference,
whenever possible, to their underlying methodological and epistemological
principles.
This thesis contains six chapters and a short Introduction. The
Introduction deals with the place and state of morphological studies in
modern linguistic theory. It also sets out the 'reasons' behind the
restriction of the scope of the thesis to the following five approaches:
(1) stratificational grammar, (2) transformational generative grammar,
(3) word and paradigm I (Robins), (4) word and paradigm II (Matthews),
and (5) axiomatic functionalism. A brief explanation of the format of the
approach adopted in studying these different trends is also given here. [Only transcribed in part due to abstract length].
1984
2012-06-05T09:12:27Z
2012-06-05T09:12:27Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2635
en
application/pdf
594
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/26552019-07-01T10:02:59Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
A study of the Sybil Chant and its dramatic performance in the Spanish Church (ninth to sixteenth centuries)
O'Connor, Niobe
Gifford, D. J.
PQ6121.R3S9O3
Christian drama, Spanish--History and criticism
Christian drama, Spanish--Sybil Chant
This study encompasses the development of the Sibyl Chant in
Spain from its early beginnings within the liturgy as a musical piece,
through its growth into a dramatic ceremony associated with the Play of
the Prophets, its move from Latin into the vernacular and details of its
performance, to its formal abolition in the sixteenth century.
The Latin Sibylline poem, Judicii siqnum, which first appears in
St. Augustine's City of God and the sermon Contra Judaeos, Paganos; et
Arianos, prophesies the events on Judgement Day. Its entry into the
liturgy in Spain is examined in the first chapter which, drawing on
hitherto undiscovered examples of the chant from the ninth century to the
fifteenth, concludes that, although the text of the chant my have been
known within the Hispanic rite, its music is a product of French
ecclesiastical influence. With its establishment within the liturgy and
subsequent dissemination across the Peninsula by the house of Cluny, it
was sung in almost every cathedral city until the sixteenth century as
part of the sixth or ninth lesson of Christmas Matins. The second chapter
traces its development into a dramatic ceremony in the fifteenth century.
A study of known texts from Catalonia, and hitherto unknown examples of
the sermon with rubrics indicating dramatic activity from an early date
in Castile, concludes that the Sibyl ceremony was a product of the Ordo
Prophetarum. From the thirteenth century, the Latin of the chant was
often superceded by the vernacular. A comparison, in the third chapter,
of Catalan and Castilian versions reveals that they owe little to the
Judicii siqnum, and Provengal examples which have been considered their
Source, and a Catalan troubadour influence is argued. The final chapter
explores the practice of the Sibyl ceremony, with details of its
performance: its liturgical position, costume, staging, attendant
practices and final prohibition.
1984
2012-06-05T15:16:30Z
2012-06-05T15:16:30Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2655
en
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
application/pdf
247
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/143402018-12-13T15:27:20Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Cinema plays history : National Socialism and the Holocaust in counterfactual historical films of the twenty-first century
Melchers, Alma Louise Sophia
Bildhauer, Bettina
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD)
Gerda Henkel Stiftung
Historical film
National Socialism
Holocaust
Counterfactual history
Inglourious basterds
Visual history
Popular culture
PN1995.9N36M4
National socialism and motion pictures
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), in motion pictures
Nazis in motion pictures
Alternative histories (Fiction)
Inspired by 2009 pastiche 'Inglourious Basterds' (US/DE), my research presents counterfactual historical film, firstly, as a marginalised type of film: the 2000s and 2010s have seen an abundance of overtly fictional films which do not intend to represent the past but nonetheless playfully refer to imageries of National Socialist and Holocaust history. These films have so far been neglected by historical film studies which, despite a consensus not to judge films according to their factual accuracy, tend to focus on genres close to historiography.
My research considers as historical films the counterfactual parodies 'Churchill: The Hollywood Years' (GB 2004) and 'Mein Führer: Die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler' (DE 2007), as well as 'Inglourious Basterds' and, in a brief conclusion, Nazi zombie films. In this sense, counterfactual historical film is, secondly, a research approach which suggests reconfiguring academic definitions of the field of history and film and historical film. Assuming that historical film never visualises past reality but engages with a history that is always already medialised, I propose that the above films despite their counterfactual plots embark on a visual historical discourse, and what is more reflect upon cinema and history in their own enlightening ways.
My analyses show how twenty-first century counterfactual historical films revise Nazi and Holocaust visual history, and how they describe National Socialist history as visually constructed and historical Nazism as an eclectic amalgamation drawing on fictional as well as factual media sources. In regard to the present, they explore tensions between popular and academic culture through the dissolving binaries of fiction film and historiographical fact, and propose to recognise the reciprocity of media representation and actual past as an object of research in its own right.
My research demonstrates the value of cinema’s playful engagement with history as a potential contribution to the theory and practise of historical film studies.
2018-06-28
2018-06-20T12:59:33Z
2018-06-20T12:59:33Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14340
en
2020-05-10
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 10th May 2020
274 p.
The University of St Andrews
School of Modern Languages
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/122702019-07-12T10:32:45Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Psychology, gender and EFL writing : a study of the relationship between Saudi students' writing performance and their attitudes, apprehension and self-efficacy
Alluhaybi, Maram
Anipa, Kormi
Writing
Attitudes
Apprehension
Self-efficacy
Gender
PE1068.S28A6
English language--Study and teaching--Saudi Arabia
English language--Study and teaching--Arabic speakers
Writing--Study and teaching
It has long been accepted in the field of EFL teaching and learning that writing in a
foreign language by learners is a complex practice that involves not only cognition, but
also psychology. With this in mind, in the present study, social-psychological and
social-cognitive research frameworks were adopted to explore the relationship between
the writing attitudes, apprehension and self-efficacy of Saudi learners of English, and
their writing performance, with a view to expanding the frontiers of current
scholarship. This relationship was investigated on two levels: that of writing in
general, and that of writing specific types of text. This relationship has been neglected
in previous research; in addition, the scope of past studies of Saudi students has been
limited to only one of the two traditional genders. The current study was designed to
contribute to filling these gaps.
The thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter One introduces the objectives, research
question, theoretical framework and background of the study. Chapter Two reviews the
related literature. Chapter Three describes the sample population, data collection and
procedures. Chapter Four deals with the data analyses. Chapter Five discusses the
findings and implications of the investigation. Chapter Six presents a summary and
conclusions.
The research found no correlation between psychological characteristics and writing
performance in general, nor between psychological characteristics and the writing of
narrative and persuasive text types, in particular. Overall, the results conflict with those
of previous studies, in that it was found that rather than psychological characteristics
influencing writing performance gender difference influenced writing performance,
and the psychological characteristics did not influence anything, it was the other way
round, gender difference also influenced psychological characteristics. This thesis thus
contributes to the growing body of knowledge in the field of EFL, by providing
evidence that the influence of psychological characteristics on writing is not salient in
every socio-cultural context, and that the writers’ gender can have an effect on their
writing performance.
2017-05-09
2017-12-06T11:47:38Z
2017-12-06T11:47:38Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12270
en
2022-05-31
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Electronic copy restricted until 31st May 2022
xii, 295 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/29202019-04-01T09:05:41Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Predictive-based syntagms in Kamali Arabic compared with similar patterns in English
Hadj-Mohamed, Suliman A. K.
Mulder, J. W. F.
PJ6820.K2H2
The present work is mainly concerned with the syntactic
structures of the predicative-based syntagms in I4amali Arabic. The
constituents within these syntagms are further analysed until the relations
between pleremes (i. E. the minimal syntactic entities) are arrived
at. It also offers description of similar structures in English,
and brief comparisons between the structures of the two languages in
question.
Linguistic description has been defined as "the application
of a particular linguistic theory to a selected field of linguistic
phenomena". (Mulder 1975). The theory applied in this work, to both
English and Kamali Arabic, is Mulder$s axiomatic functionalist approach
to syntax.
This thesis falls into four parts. The first part is divided
into two chapters the first of which offers a brief introduction to the
basic principles of axiomatic functionalism, and to the relations between
linguistic theory, linguistic descriptions and the speech phenomena;
and the second provides explanations to the essential notions in syntax.
The second part, dealing with syntactic relations in Kamali
Arabic, comprises three chapters. Chapter I is concerned with the
verbal, and non-verbal, predicative-based syntagms, chapter II with
the functional syntagms, and chapter III with the nominal syntagms.
The third part, dealing with syntactic relations in English,
comprises four chapters. Chapter I deals with the verbal predicative-based
syntagms, chapter II With the copulative predicative, III with
functionals, and IV with nominals.
The fourth part, offering comparisons between English and
Kamali Arabic, is divided into three chapters. Chapter I offers
comparisons between the predicative-based syntagms, and between their
constituents. Chapter II between functionals, and III between nominals.
1980
2012-07-04T13:05:16Z
2012-07-04T13:05:16Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2920
en
application/pdf
313
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/253412022-05-17T12:52:30Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Federico García Lorca’s poetry in English : translating the margins
Brown, Karen Angella
Letrán, Javier
Larios, Jordi
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
Federico García Lorca (1898-1936) boasts a rich textual afterlife through translation.
Thus far, academic research has largely neglected the study of the translated texts
themselves, particularly the repeated renderings of his poetry collections into English.
The current study seeks to address the imbalance by examining extracts from Lorca’s
three most frequently translated poetry volumes: Romancero gitano / Gypsy Ballads;
Poeta en Nueva York / Poet in New York; and Sonetos del amor oscuro / Sonnets of
Dark Love. Two of the most persistent features of contemporary discourses
surrounding Lorca are: first, the tendency to inquire whether prevailing perceptions
of him as a political figure are warranted, and second, a preoccupation with his critical
reception in the United States and Great Britain between the late 1930s and mid-
1960s, this being the inception point where Lorca the poet was opportunistically
transformed into Lorca the left leaning social justice activist. No doubt, the traumatic
circumstances of his death and the disappearance of his body at the start of the Spanish
Civil War fuelled such discourses, but recent studies have also claimed that Lorca’s
image has been manipulated for ideological and political reasons through the
translations themselves. This study interrogates whether such claims are justified in
the case of Lorca’s poetry in English. Its purpose is to investigate how the translators
have dealt with the overarching theme of social marginality that is already encoded in
Lorca’s œuvre. In so doing, the thesis also postulates a response to the implicit query
of whether the translated poetry evinces motives among the translators to control or
manipulate Lorca’s image for ideological and/or political reasons.
2021-12-01
2022-05-11T10:24:39Z
2022-05-11T10:24:39Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25341
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/166
en
2026-04-26
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Restricted until 26th April 2026
xiii, 291 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/118272019-06-25T09:42:33Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
François Villon in English : translation and cross-cultural poetic influence
Pascolini-Campbell, Claire
Jones, Chris
Evans, David Elwyn
PQ1593.P28
Villon, Francois, 1431-1463.
Poetry--Translating.
Intertextuality.
English poetry--19th century.
English poetry--20th century.
This thesis argues that François Villon becomes a significant, but overlooked, influence in the tradition of English poetry, and that this influence reveals itself in translations, adaptations, and responses to his work. By focusing on the way in which numerous high profile poets in the United Kingdom and the United States have reacted to Villon, this study will posit that the reasons behind the appeal of his oeuvre as a source text lie both in the protean nature of his narrative voice and in the myth of his life. The inter-lingual intertextual relationships established through translation and the residue of Villon in English poetic tradition will be presented by means of five case studies, all taking the work of a specific poet as their theme: Algernon Charles Swinburne; Dante Gabriel Rossetti; Ezra Pound; Basil Bunting; and Robert Lowell. These five poets are presented as being exemplary of a greater tradition of translating Villon into English, and will take the reader from the first verse translations of his work in the nineteenth century, to postmodern adaptations and parodies of Villon in the twentieth. They will illustrate the specified intertextual relationships that exist both between source text and target text, and the work of one translator and another, thereby demonstrating the accumulation of influences at play in any one translation of this medieval French poet. In so doing, this thesis will also explore translation and adaptation as dialogical and transformative spaces, distinct from other genres in their ability to establish cross-cultural and interlingual intertexts. Translation and adaptation as spaces of cultural and linguistic hybridity will be demonstrated by observing some of the ways in which Villon has left his mark on English verse, and some of the Villons that anglophone poets have created in their turn.
2014
2017-10-10T15:34:01Z
2017-10-10T15:34:01Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11827
en
2024-05-07
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Print and electronic copy restricted until 7th May 2024
iv, 302 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/31962019-08-07T13:48:53Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Humour as political resistance and social criticism: Mexican comics and cinema, 1969-1976.
Neria, Leticia
Fowler, Will
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) (Mexico)
University of St Andrews
Humour
Mexican history
Mexican comics
Mexican cinema
NC1455.M4N4
Mexico--History--20th century--Humor
Mexico--Politics and government--20th century--Humor
Comic books, strips, etc.--Mexico--History--20th century
Comedy films--Mexico--History--20th century
Wit and humor, Pictorial--Political aspects
Electronic version excludes material for which permission has not been granted by the rights holder
This research focuses on the study of Mexican comics and films from 1969 to 1976. It uses the language of humour to understand how these media expressed contemporary social and political concerns. After reviewing theories of humour and proposing an eclectic theory to analyse visual sources, three different comic books and four films were examined in order to gain an understanding of the issues that troubled the society at the time. This eclectic theory considered academic approaches from a variety of disciplines, including philosophy, sociology, linguistics, psychology, and others. The theory of humour proposed in this thesis can be used to study humorous visual expressions from other cultures and historical times.
Thus, one of the novelties of this research is the proposal of an eclectic theory of humour to study visual culture. A second original contribution of this thesis is that it proposes an approach to social history through the analysis of two relevant cultural manifestations: humour and visual culture.
This work also invites us to reflect on Mexican society during the presidency of Luis Echeverría Álvarez, as well as the circumstances of the mass media and the arts, both of which enjoyed some freedom in what was called the apertura democrática. Nevertheless, since some topics were still prickly and difficult, humour helped society discuss them, kept them on the social agenda, and acted as a safety valve to express the discomfort of the members of society.
Finally, this thesis considers social manifestations, such as humour, as sources through which to study culture and history; it highlights the relevance of the cultural legacy of comics which have been considered as a sub-cultural product; and it shows how we can use films to discover something new about a specific time and social group.
2012-06-21
2012-10-17T15:56:15Z
2012-10-17T15:56:15Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3196
en
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
application/pdf
281 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/292092024-02-13T03:09:31Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Multispecies ruptures : stories of displacement and human-plant relations from Donbas, Ukraine
Tsymbalyuk, Darya
Donovan, Victoria
Murer, Jeffrey Stevenson
University of St Andrews. Douglas and Gordon Bonnyman Scholarship
University of St Andrews. School of Modern Languages
JV8196.T8
Donbas Odyssey Art Project
Ukraine--Emigration and immigration
Migration, Internal--Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia)
Ukraine Conflict, 2014--Personal narratives
Human-plant relationships
Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia)--Refugees--Interviews
This thesis explores narratives of displacement from Donbas, Ukraine as a series of multispecies ruptures. Focusing on human-plant relations in oral histories of internally displaced persons (IDPs), it foregrounds more-than-human aspects of migration. Engaging with theories in environmental humanities, the thesis examines them through a decolonial lens. Critical of tendencies to orientalise Eastern Europe and post-Soviet countries as spaces of ecological disasters, with Chornobyl being one of the most famous examples, this dissertation avoids fixating on the catastrophic by focusing on everyday (re)configurations of ruptured multispecies relations instead. Donbas is a (post)industrial region in the east of Ukraine, where a war broke out in 2014. Soviet industrialism and ongoing conflict resulted in extractivist treatment of Donbas and its human and more-than-human inhabitants. Closely examining legacies and repercussions of these violences, the thesis traces accounts alternative to the dominant representations of war, industrialisation and displacement. These accounts resist fossilfuelisation, a process of being turned into a resource by the industry or the war-machine. Stories analysed in this thesis subvert objectification by treating the Other, whether human or more-than-human, with care and attention. For example, the thesis looks at personal stories of engaging with coal and fossils, as well as at testimonies of moving plants from the conflict zone, or memories of encountering overgrown gardens and wilted houseplants in homes abandoned because of the war. The form of the dissertation, consisting of academic writing, drawings, and a screenplay, presents a decolonial approach to knowledge-making. The thesis presents a more ethical way of engaging with research, where the outcomes are disseminated in different languages (English, Ukrainian; visual, academic) and to different audiences (academic, non-academic), thereby destabilising hierarchies of knowledge production.
2022-06-17
2024-02-12T09:59:20Z
2024-02-12T09:59:20Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
https://hdl.handle.net/10023/29209
https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/748
en
2026-12-15
Thesis restricted in accordance with University regulations. Restricted until 15th December 2026
application/pdf
vi, 235 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/196372020-03-12T03:04:29Zcom_10023_29col_10023_874
Truth and knowledge in Rabelais's 'Pantagruel' and 'Gargantua'
Ferguson, Ronnie
Levi, Anthony
Supple, James J.
PQ1694.F3
Rabelais, François, ca. 1490-1553?. Pantagruel--Criticism and interpretation
Rabelais, François, ca. 1490-1553?. Gargantua--Criticism and interpretation
Truth in literature
Knowledge, Theory of, in literature
The basic contentions of Truth and knowledge in Rabelais's
"Pantagruel" and "Gargantua” are, first, that the theme of truth and
knowledge underlies, unifies and gives meaning to all the disparate episodes of Books I and II and, second, that Rabelais went to great
lengths to communicate his ideas on the theme of cognition in as tangible a way as possible to his general readers.
This thesis is, thus, in effect, an attempt to restore the "incompatible" elements of ‘Pantagruel’ and ‘Gargantua’ to a status of equality.
I hope to demonstrate that they are all interlocking and indispensible
parts of a fictional pattern by means of which Rabelais stimulated his
readers into
exploring two broad areas of thought (the first mainly
in ‘Pantagruel’, the second principally in ‘Gargantua’, though they overlap)
basic to his conception of truth and knowledge.
Unless it is derived from
empirical information, from primary
sources, knowledge is invalid. Second-hand, received "knowledge" -- no
matter how impressive-looking, plausible or authoritative -- cannot be
trusted to lead to the truth. One's senses are the foundation on which
cognition is constructed.
Omniscience and hence absolute truth are fatuous concepts. Their monolithic perfection is only tenable when critical reason and individual
judgement are suppressed. They are ultimately -- in those who profess
them -- the offspring of self-love. Partial knowledge and relative truth
are, however, accessible to the individual who exercises his critical
reason
(which means unbiased by "philautie") on the raw material of
first-hand information. This implies the mutual co-existence and compatibility of many relative truths —for the divergence in judgement stems
from the infinite variety of temperament. For Rabelais the absolute,
unilateral assertion does net do justice to the multifariousness of
reality. To it he opposes a philosophy of duality : by operating a reconciliation or fusion of opposing but relatively true viewpoints -- thus
transcending the purely individual judgement -- Rabelais attempts to
arrive at a closer approximation to Truth.
1978
2020-03-11T09:39:31Z
2020-03-11T09:39:31Z
Thesis
Doctoral
BPhil Bachelor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/19637
en
application/pdf
241 p.
The University of St Andrews
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/7612019-07-01T10:11:52Zcom_10023_105com_10023_29col_10023_107col_10023_874
Translating Brecht : versions of "Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder" for the British stage
Williams, Katherine J.
Chambers, Helen
Translation studies
Translating drama
Bertolt Brecht
Lee Hall
David Hare
Hanif Kureishi
Robert David MacDonald
John Willett
PT2603.R415A2G09
Brecht, Bertolt, 1898-1956. Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder
Brecht, Bertolt, 1898-1956--Translations into English
Drama--Translating
Translating and interpreting
This study analyses five British translations of Bertolt Brecht's 'Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder'. Two of these translations were written by speakers of German, and three by well-known British playwrights with no knowledge of the source text language. Four have been produced in mainstream British theatres in the past twenty-five years. The study applies translation studies methodology to a textual analysis which focuses on the translation of techniques of linguistic "Verfremdung", as well as linguistic expression of the comedy and of the political dimension in the work. It thus closes the gap in current Brecht research in examining the importance of his idiosyncratic use of language to the translation and reception of his work in the UK. The study assesses the ways in which the translator and director are influenced by Brecht's legacy in the UK and in turn, what image of Brecht they mediate through the production on stage. To this end, the study throws light on the formation of Brecht's problematic reputation in the UK, and it also highlights the social and political circumstances in early twentieth century Germany which prompted Brecht to develop his theory of an epic theatre.
The focus on a linguistic examination allows the translator's contribution to the production process to be isolated. Together with an investigation of the reception of each performance text, this in turn facilitates a more accurate assessment of the translator and director's respective influence in the process of transforming a foreign-language text onto a local stage. The analysis also sheds light on the different approaches taken by speakers of German, and playwrights creating an English version from a literal translation. It pinpoints losses in translation and adaptation, and suggests how future versions may avoid these.
2009-11-30
2009-10-23T13:41:20Z
2009-10-23T13:41:20Z
Thesis
Doctoral
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/761
en
Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/
application/pdf
219
University of St Andrews
The University of St Andrews