2024-03-28T15:58:56Zhttps://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/oai/requestoai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/85282023-04-25T23:40:30Zcom_10023_234com_10023_39com_10023_86com_10023_26com_10023_879com_10023_878col_10023_239col_10023_87col_10023_880
A social movement theory typology of militant organisations : contextualising terrorism
Marsden, Sarah Victoria
University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
University of St Andrews. The Handa Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence
Typology
Social Movement Theory
Multidimensional Partial Order Scalogram by Coordinates
Mixed methods
Conceptualising militant groups
JZ International relations
SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
JZ
Date of acceptance 8/8/14
Typologies are ubiquitous in terrorism studies, illustrating their continued appeal as a tool to further our understanding of this form of political violence. Despite this, to date, the promise of an empirically derived typology has largely been neglected. In addressing this gap, this article sets out a typology developed from Social Movement Theory. Using a novel statistical technique to derive a three-dimensional framework for categorising militant groups, the typology incorporates both organisational characteristics and the wider political context. The result is a typology defined by three conceptual constructs: political capacity, war-making capacity, and network capacity. Alongside these organisational features, imposing measures of the wider political opportunity structure reveals eight types of militant organisation. To explore the utility of the framework, a preliminary analysis interprets the typology in light of the presence of wider conflict. That a robust relationship is found between the various types and whether groups were operating in peacetime, civil war, or low-intensity conflict, goes some way to demonstrating its utility as an analytical tool. Conclusions draw attention to the importance of contextualising militant groups in their socio-political setting, and the benefits of combining theory alongside empirical analysis to develop robust characterisations of violent organisations.
Postprint
Peer reviewed
2015
2016-03-31T23:01:29Z
2016-03-31T23:01:29Z
2016-04-01
Journal article
Marsden , S V 2015 , ' A social movement theory typology of militant organisations : contextualising terrorism ' , Terrorism and Political Violence . https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2014.954039
0954-6553
PURE: 164170801
PURE UUID: d09efa6f-169d-4f9b-b255-3a25d1275950
Scopus: 84907802877
WOS: 000383898100006
ORCID: /0000-0002-4763-5068/work/80257714
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8528
https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2014.954039
eng
Terrorism and Political Violence
Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Terrorism and Political Violence on 01/10/2014, available online: http://wwww.tandfonline.com/10.1080/09546553.2014.954039
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oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/163042023-04-25T23:49:12Zcom_10023_234com_10023_39com_10023_86com_10023_26com_10023_879com_10023_878col_10023_239col_10023_87col_10023_880
The role of civil society actors in peacemaking : the case of Guatemala
Brett, Roddy
University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
University of St Andrews. The Handa Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence
Peacemaking
Peacebuilding
Civil society actors
Inclusive settlement
Guatemala
Political violence
Armed conflict
JZ International relations
T-NDAS
SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
JZ
This article builds upon recent scholarship in critical peace studies that focuses on the role of civil society actors in formal peacemaking processes, in short, peace talks, and post-conflict peacebuilding. The article specifically explores the role of civil society actors in the Guatemalan peace process. The research addresses the possible tensions and potential complementarities in processes where civil society enjoys a mandated role in centralised, formal peace negotiations carried out between the state and armed actors in talks levied within the liberal peace framework. In the case of Guatemala, non-state actors participated to an unprecedented extent in the peace negotiations, and Guatemala has not relapsed into armed conflict. However, post-conflict Guatemala is a violent and unstable country. Consequently, the study challenges the assumption that peacemaking is necessarily more successful in those instances where provisions have been established to guarantee the participation of civil society.
Postprint
Peer reviewed
2017-04-24
2018-10-23T23:47:48Z
2018-10-23T23:47:48Z
2018-10-24
Journal article
Brett , R 2017 , ' The role of civil society actors in peacemaking : the case of Guatemala ' , Journal of Peacebuilding and Development , vol. 12 , no. 1 , pp. 49-64 . https://doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2017.1281756
1542-3166
PURE: 250067880
PURE UUID: dfb1ad35-09e2-46d9-901a-348eba3434b1
Bibtex: urn:2b8e93ec582185970078ce387d7cfd90
Scopus: 85018798369
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16304
https://doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2017.1281756
eng
Journal of Peacebuilding and Development
Copyright © 2017, Routledge. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2017.1281756
16
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oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/90092024-02-24T00:42:25Zcom_10023_234com_10023_39com_10023_86com_10023_26com_10023_879com_10023_878col_10023_239col_10023_87col_10023_880
¿Es eficaz el terrorismo? Consideraciones, problemas y marco de investigación futura
Does terrorism work? The debates, problems, and a framework for future research
English, Richard
University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
University of St Andrews. The Handa Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence
Terrorism
Effectiveness
Academic research
Debate
JZ International relations
SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
JZ
For both intellectual and practical reasons, the question "Does terrorism work?'' is vital. And yet it has largely been eclipsed by other debates within the scholarly literature on terrorism. This article considers some of the recent contributions to the emerging discussion of the question. It then outlines some of the problems inherent in the academic debate that has taken place thus far on the subject, and sketches a framework for making future scholarship in this area more inclusive, systematic and dialogically fruitful than it has been to date.
Peer reviewed
2016-04-01
2016-06-17T12:30:05Z
2016-06-17T12:30:05Z
Journal article
243473119
6e3f1aca-f38a-49a8-8a30-16b328114772
84978858572
English , R 2016 , ' ¿Es eficaz el terrorismo? Consideraciones, problemas y marco de investigación futura ' , Revista CIDOB d'Afers Internacionals , no. 112 , pp. 27-43 . < http://www.cidob.org/en/articulos/revista_cidob_d_afers_internacionals/112/does_terrorism_work_the_debates_problems_and_a_framework_for_future_research >
1133-6595
Bibtex: urn:9c2a9bbe08df9298ced759977110e097
https://hdl.handle.net/10023/9009
http://www.cidob.org/en/articulos/revista_cidob_d_afers_internacionals/112/does_terrorism_work_the_debates_problems_and_a_framework_for_future_research
spa
Revista CIDOB d'Afers Internacionals
17
814411
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oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/119982023-04-26T00:23:30Zcom_10023_234com_10023_39com_10023_86com_10023_26com_10023_879com_10023_878col_10023_239col_10023_87col_10023_880
Understanding collective violence : the communicative and performative qualities of violence in acts of belonging
Murer, Jeffrey Stevenson
Bantekas, Ilias
Mylonaki, Emmanouela
University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
University of St Andrews. The Handa Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence
HT Communities. Classes. Races
JX International law
JZ International relations
BDC
R2C
SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
HT
JX
JZ
This chapter explores the motivations for joining violent groups across arange of circumstances. In particular, the chapter will explore the similarities in the role of violence as a marker of identity within groups as diverseas street gangs and ethnic communities. Frequently, membership inviolent groups is explained in terms of individual material gain or theattainment of individual fame, in very rationalist and individualistic terms.This focus on individual choice and motivation suggests the use or disinclination to use violence is an expression of individual agency. Indeed, many of studies on civil wars or other armed conflicts treat joining these violent groups and the participation in violent acts as being anti-social, as if the choice to engage in violence is one wholly against social norms or social values. However, much can be gained by seeing these groups in completely the opposite light: gangs, communal factions, militias, even terrorist organisations can be seen as highly social environments. This chapter will examine the performative qualities of violence and the role that violence plays in the experience of belonging in large groups and in collective identity formation.
Postprint
Peer reviewed
2014-11
2017-11-06T10:30:07Z
2017-11-06T10:30:07Z
Book item
Murer , J S 2014 , Understanding collective violence : the communicative and performative qualities of violence in acts of belonging . in I Bantekas & E Mylonaki (eds) , Criminological approaches to international criminal law . Cambridge University Press , Cambridge , pp. 287-315 . https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107446700.013
9781107060036
9781107446700
PURE: 135620688
PURE UUID: c862ca62-74ea-49dd-8dc9-2fd55aaefb64
Scopus: 84953807494
ORCID: /0000-0002-8056-9365/work/76386579
WOS: 000357269700013
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11998
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107446700.013
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107446700
eng
Criminological approaches to international criminal law
© Cambridge University Press 2014. This work has been made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created accepted version manuscript and as such may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107446700.013
29
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Cambridge University Press
oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/94862023-04-25T23:41:59Zcom_10023_234com_10023_39com_10023_86com_10023_26com_10023_879com_10023_878col_10023_239col_10023_87col_10023_880
A critical analysis of the role of the internet in the preparation and planning of acts of terrorism
Holbrook, Donald
University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
University of St Andrews. The Handa Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence
Terrorist propaganda
Terrorist use of the internet
IED assembly
Attack preperation
Inspire magazine
JZ International relations
SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
JZ
The purpose of this paper is to offer a critical assessment of the way in which the internet and online material features as part of the process individuals embark on to plan acts of terrorism. The paper begins by evaluating concepts used to describe the role of the internet in the context of terrorism and political violence before analysing a single case study in detail in order to explore particular nuances that emerge which shed light on the relationship between perpetrator on the one hand and online content and behaviour on the other. The case study, in turn, is developed into a conceptual appraisal of terrorist use of the internet. The paper concludes by exploring the important distinction between the “theoretical” application of online learning as set out in terrorist propaganda and the hurdles that individuals face in practice.
Postprint
Peer reviewed
2015-09
2016-09-12T23:34:15Z
2016-09-12T23:34:15Z
2016-09-12
Journal article
Holbrook , D 2015 , ' A critical analysis of the role of the internet in the preparation and planning of acts of terrorism ' , Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict , vol. 8 , no. 2 , pp. 121-133 . https://doi.org/10.1080/17467586.2015.1065102
1746-7586
PURE: 201607716
PURE UUID: fdeb2e4a-e4ca-4294-8c20-896659f1a22d
Scopus: 84941627031
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9486
https://doi.org/10.1080/17467586.2015.1065102
eng
Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict
Copyright 2015 Taylor & Francis. This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict: Pathways toward terrorism and genocide, on 12/09/2015, available online: http://wwww.tandfonline.com/10.1080/17467586.2015.1065102
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